Volume 72, Issue 5, Pages 677-685 (November 2017) A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Impact of the Retzius-sparing Approach on Early Urinary Continence Recovery After Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy  Deepansh Dalela, Wooju Jeong, Madhu-Ashni Prasad, Akshay Sood, Firas Abdollah, Mireya Diaz, Patrick Karabon, Jesse Sammon, Marcus Jamil, Brad Baize, Andrea Simone, Mani Menon  European Urology  Volume 72, Issue 5, Pages 677-685 (November 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.029 Copyright © 2017 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 CONSORT diagram explaining the flow of participants through the trial. RARP=robot-assisted radical prostatectomy; IPSS=International Prostatic Symptom Score; BMI=body mass index. European Urology 2017 72, 677-685DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.029) Copyright © 2017 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 The 24-h pad weights at 1 week (wk), 2 wk, 1 month (mo), and 3 mo following catheter removal in patients undergoing anterior or posterior RARP. Numbers along Y-axis represent proportion (%) of patients in each category (no leak [0g/d], minimal leak [1–30g/d], mild–moderate leak [31–300g/d], or severe leak [>300g/d]). The p values shown in the figures are derived from the omnibus chi-square test; groups with asterisk indicate a statistically significant difference (p<0.0125) after Bonferroni correction. RARP=robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. European Urology 2017 72, 677-685DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.029) Copyright © 2017 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Kaplan–Meier curves showing the recovery of urinary continence (defined as (A) 0 pads/one security pad per day and (B) 0 pads per day) in patients undergoing anterior and posterior robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). CI=confidence interval; UC=urinary continence. European Urology 2017 72, 677-685DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.029) Copyright © 2017 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Mean IPSS urinary function (UF) scores at 1 week (wk), 2 wk, 1 month (mo), and 3 mo (following catheter removal) in patients undergoing anterior versus posterior robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Numbers along Y-axis represent estimates derived from generalized estimating equations. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. IPSS=International Prostate Symptom Score. European Urology 2017 72, 677-685DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.029) Copyright © 2017 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Mean urinary function (UF)-related bother scores at 1 week (wk), 2 wk, 1 month (mo), and 3 mo (following catheter removal) in patients undergoing anterior versus posterior robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), represented as (A) continuous and (B) categorical outcomes. In Figure 5A, numbers along Y-axis represent estimates derived from generalized estimating equations. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. In Figure 5B, brown color represents percentage of patients who were bothered (IPSS urinary function-related quality-of-life score 4–6), while orange color represents proportion (%) of patients who were not bothered (IPSS urinary function-related quality-of-life score 0–3). IPSS=International Prostate Symptom Score. European Urology 2017 72, 677-685DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.029) Copyright © 2017 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions