Fig. 1. Subdomains contributing to effort-based decision making

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Fig. 1. Subdomains contributing to effort-based decision making Fig. 1. Subdomains contributing to effort-based decision making. Effort-based decision making is a critical component of negative symptoms in schizophrenia and can be readily assessed in humans and rodents. Further, subdomains are identified whose neural mechanisms can be investigated in rodent studies. Dopamine D<sub>1</sub> receptors have been implicated in each aspect of decision making, while dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptors contribute toward physical effort and reward-associative learning. Both cannabinoid CB<sub>1</sub> and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have been implicated in reward associative learning, while CB<sub>1</sub> receptors may also drive cognitive effortful motivation. From: Preclinical Models to Investigate Mechanisms of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Schizophr Bull. 2017;43(4):706-711. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx065 Schizophr Bull | © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com