17) Ranunculaceae Caryophyllid Clade 24) Viscaceae Rosid Clade Asterid Clade 18) Papaveraceae Eudicots (Tricolpates)

19) Caryophyllaceae 20) Chenopodiaceae (incl. In Amaranthaceae) 21) Cactaceae 22) Droseraceae 23) Polygonaceae Caryophyllids

22) Droseraceae Sundew Family Insectivorous, glandular herbs Often of acid bogs Leaves usually adaxially circinate (appearing to unwind from a spiral on upper side) Leaves either with sticky glands (the leaf slowly rolls up on an entrapped insect) or sensitive hairs that trigger a snap trap closing on an insect Sepals, petals, and stamens usually 5; carpels 3, fused, basal or parietal placentation; fruit a capsule

Examples Droseraceae Drosera spp. (sundews) Dionea muscipula (venus fly trap)

Dionaea muscipula

Drosera spp.

Drosera filiformus – Note the the adaxially circinate leaves

Drosera rotundifolia

Dionea muscipula – l.s. note basal placentation

23) Polygonaceae Knotweed Family Herbs (or shrub, tree, vine) with swollen nodes Leaves with stipules fused into a tube sheathing the stem (nodal ocrea), or in their absence, flowers in involucrate heads (subtended by bracts) Flowers usually small Tepals 6, petaloid often in two series of 3; or sepals 3 and petals 3; or tepals 5 due to fusion of 2 tepals Fruits and seeds polygonal in shape

Examples Polygonaceae Rheum palmatum (rhubarb) Polygonum Polygonella Rumex (dock, buckwheat) Eriognum (wild buckwheat)

Polygonella articulata

Polygonella articulata

Polygonum bistorta

Polygonum aviculare

Polygonum cuspidatum

Polygonum punctatum

Polygonum spp.

Rumex patientia

Homocladium platycladium

24) Viscaceae Christmas Mistletoe Family Epiphytic parasite of tree branches; roots modified to form haustoria Leaves usually opposite, leathery, veins parallel Flowers small, perfect or imperfect; perianth of 3 or 4 tepals, inserted on a cup-shaped receptacle; stamens as many as perianth segments Ovary inferior, fruit a viscous berry

Arceuthobium cyanocarpum – staminate and pistillate plants

Phoradendron leucarpon

Phoradendron leucarpon – staminate and pistillate flowers