MR. PALEN DO NOW How were immigrants who arrived between 1891 and 1910 different from earlier immigrants?

Changes in Immigration New immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe rather than northwestern Europe. Old immigrants were Protestant, new ones were usually Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox or Jewish.

Changes in Immigration Cont. New and old came in search of economic opportunity and religious freedom. Settle in cities because cities are cheaper, more convenient and offer cultural opportunities.

Challenges Faced by Immigrants Poor accomodations on ships. Physical exams to enter United States. Questioning by inspectors. Asians are discriminated against and from 1882 until 1943 most Chinese banned.

Assistance for Immigrants Ethnic neighborhoods. Benevolent societies. Businesses. Churches, synagogues and temples.

Reasons for Nativist Opposition to Immigration As increase numbers of immigrants enter the country, anti-immigrant sentiment grows.

Reasons for Nativist Opposition to Immigration Immigrants had different religions and languages. Immigrants were held responsible for crime, poverty and violence. Immigrants sometimes had radical politics.

Reasons for Nativist Opposition to Immigration Immigrants worked cheaply, thereby robbing Americans of Jobs and Lowering wages.

Technological Innovations Steel frames and elevators allowed taller buildings to be constructed. Mass transit enabled cities to expand outward.

Social Values of the Wealthy Conspicuous consumption, including extravagant homes and entertainments. Ostentatious philanthropy. Use of British Victorian culture as pattern for role of woman. Obsession with etiquette.

Changes in Middle Class Life New industries created a demand for educated workers in specialized fields. Professional schools and organizations were established.

Changes in Middle Class Life Woman received more opportunities to work outside the home. Sewing machines and servants lightened women’s domestic chores.

Changes in Middle Class Life Women were able to participate more in cultural and social activities. The middle class expanded.

Urban Life for the Poor Housing shortages. High rents. Crowded tenements. Raw sewage, garbage and pollution from the factories. Easy spread of disease.

Urban Life for the Poor Discrimination against African Americans.

Settlement Houses and Churches Offered education and cultural opportunities for both adults and children. Committed to improve living conditions of the poor.

Changes in public education and colleges Passage of compulsory education laws New methods of teaching Expanded curriculum More colleges

Appealing to Readers Printing of sensational news stories “yellow journalism” Illustrations and photographs Comic strips, advice columns, women’s sections and sports sections added to newspapers

Appealing to Readers Cont. Expansion in type and number of books published

Outdoor Activities and Sports Trips to city parks Bicycling Croquet Baseball Football Soccer

Popular Theater and Music Many types of theater from Shakespeare to vaudeville Ragtime music Dances that threw off Victorian restraint