Learning and the Brain Emile Bruneau.

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Presentation transcript:

Learning and the Brain Emile Bruneau

Theme 1: Compartmentalization • Cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem • Hemispheres • Cerebral Gyri and sulci • Cerebellar/cerebral ‘Lobes’

Theme 1: Compartmentalization • Internal structures: striatum, hippocampus, basal ganglia, etc.

Theme 1: Compartmentalization • Cytoarchitecture: population patterns of nerve cell types

Theme 1: Compartmentalization Do these structural compartments relate to function? Is brain function compartmentalized like structure? How to study this (old school): • Accidental brain lesions (stroke, tumors, disease/insult, post-mortem correlations, etc.) • Experimental brain lesions (animal research) • Wilder Penfield: open brain stimulation prior to surgery What this has taught us…

Theme 1: Compartmentalization

Theme 1: Compartmentalization

Theme 1: Compartmentalization Processing of sensory information • Somatosensory • Visual • Olfactory • Auditory Processing of speech • Broca’s Aphasia: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMm_DrHYCD0&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12dO78c6-q8&feature=related • Wernicke’s Aphasia: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVhYN7NTIKU&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B-LD5jzXpLE&feature=related

Theme 1: Compartmentalization Do these structural compartments relate to function? Is brain function compartmentalized like structure? How to study this (recent): • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) • Trans-cranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XJtNPqCj-iA

Theme 2: Plasticity Brain ‘Plasticity’: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSu9HGnlMV0&feature=related Neuronal Plasticity: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEoK0JofYSs&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BsMzlH4Khjg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KIkztEm7cOQ&NR=1 What this has to do with learning…

Theme 2: Plasticity

Theme 2: Plasticity

Learning and Memory Prism goggle activity

Learning and Memory Implicit Memory: Things that you learn perform ‘muscle memory’ e.g. how to kick a soccer ball, how to make a falafel sandwich Explicit Memory: Facts and information ‘declarative memory’ e.g. how to say ‘hello’ in Arabic, the historically significant events in the Arab-Israeli conflict, the name of a new friend Are these plastic? Are these compartmentalized?

Learning and Memory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmzU47i2xgw&feature=related

Learning and Memory

Learning and Memory

Prism goggle activity, again Learning and Memory Prism goggle activity, again

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