PRACTICE QUESTIONS—CH.3

1. This organelle is responsible for protein synthesis. mitochondrion lysosome ribosome Golgi apparatus Answer: C

2. This organelle is responsible for the removal of waste and toxins via vesicles. ribosome lysosome Golgi apparatus peroxisome Answer: C

3. Tiny, hairlike organelles that allow the cell to move are called _________. microvilli. centromeres. cilia. flagella. Answer: C

4. Which of the following cell extensions are found on sperm cells? cilia mucus microvilli flagella Answer: D

5. This organelle is responsible for cellular respiration and ATP formation. lysosome mitochondrion Golgi apparatus ribosome Answer: B

6. Which of the following cells would have the most lysosomes? fat cell skeletal muscle cell macrophage erythrocyte Answer: C

7. Which type of membrane transport is occurring all the time as water moves down its concentration gradient? diffusion osmosis facilitated diffusion active transport Answer: B

8. Which type of membrane transport involves a protein that acts as a facilitator? diffusion osmosis facilitated diffusion active transport Answer: C

prophase metaphase anaphase telophase 9. In this phase of mitosis, the chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell and the nucleus reappears. prophase metaphase anaphase telophase Answer: D

Facilitated diffusion solute pump filtration exocytosis 10. Which of the following types of membrane transport uses vesicles created by the Golgi apparatus to cross the cell membrane? Facilitated diffusion solute pump filtration exocytosis Answer: D

shrink plump lyse rupture 11. A cell is isotonic to its 4% dextrose solution. When moved to a 6% dextrose solution, that cell will ___________. shrink plump lyse rupture Answer: A

anticodons Deoxyribose sugars codons Amino acids 12. Sequences of three bases found in messenger RNA (mRNA) are called _____________. anticodons Deoxyribose sugars codons Amino acids Answer: C

thymine adenine guanine uracil 13. During transcription, which base pairs with adenine of DNA in the newly formed molecule of mRNA? thymine adenine guanine uracil Answer: D

Head, tails, head, tails Head, head, tails, tails 14. What is the arrangement of the phospholipids as a substance passes through the plasma membrane? Head, tails, head, tails Head, head, tails, tails Head, tails, tails, head Tails, head, tails, head Answer: C

***See correct answers underneath each slide in the “Notes” section

Potential Essay Questions List each phase of the cell cycle and briefly summarize what occurs during each phase. Begin with interphase and end with cytokinesis. 2. Explain the process of protein synthesis. Identify what occurs during replication, transcription, and translation. Give an example (starting with one strand of DNA and ending with the corresponding amino acid).

Potential Essay Questions 3. Some cancer drugs, such as vincristine, interfere with the creation of mitotic spindle fibers of a cell. Explain how this drug affects mitosis. 4. Stranded on a deserted island, you have two sources of water to drink: salty ocean water and contaminated fresh water. Explain your choice of drinking water and indicate why your selection is the best choice. (reference the type of solution each would be in your answer)

Potential Essay Questions 5. A chemotherapeutic drug called Doxorubicin binds to DNA and blocks mRNA synthesis. Explain why the medication would be fatal to a cell.