4.03 Outline Explain employment trends in terms of changing societal needs and economic conditions.

Terms to know Free enterprise Dual Income families Service occupations Private ownership, profit motive, competition and freedom of choice Dual Income families Both parents are working Service occupations Barbers, mechanics, day care workers Transferable skills Skills learned used to do on one job and used on another job

Terms to Know Technical Skills Reliability Compromise Technical Skills are the basic knowledge required to perform a task. Technical skills can include educational qualifications and degrees that an employee hold. Reliability To be worthy of reliance or trust. Reliable worker. Compromise to give up something to reach a decision Employment forecasters Forecast the future of careers? 9. Economy Thrifty management; frugality in the expenditure or consumption of money, materials (He bought a economy car.)

Terms to know 10. Bachelors degree Community college Telecommuting 4 year college degree Community college 2 year college degree Telecommuting To work at home using a computer connected to the network of ones computer Trends A direction of movement

Terms to Know 14. Retail Labor market Cost of living Selling of merchandise directly to the consumer. Labor market Information, statistics reflecting state and regional occupational data Cost of living The average cost of food, clothing, and other necessary or usual goods and services paid by a person, family, etc.

Terms to Know 19. Life long learning 17. Geographic physical characteristics, especially the surface features, of an area 18. Trade or professional journals Publications which contain information regarding trends, industrial innovations and training opportunities for specific professions 19. Life long learning A continuation or learning as skills needed on a job change

Social changes that have promoted a need for service occupations Women in the workforce Aging population Dual income families Commuting distance/time increasing Increasing diverse workforce and customers Concern for health/fitness New ways of communicating Concern for recreation/entertainment

What world events affect goods and services? War Natural disaster Change of government structure Embargo’s/tariffs Terrorism

Communication methods Telecommuting Manufacturing implications Rapid technological advances have promoted a need for technology producing occupations in Communication methods Telecommuting Manufacturing implications Video/voice conferencing

Work Trends Timeline in terms of Economic Conditions Colonial period, (to late 1700’s) –family owned farms, (livestock, poultry, grains) Growth of new nations, (late 1700’s to early 1800’s), town trades, (shop owners, bankers, blacksmiths) Industrial revolution/progressive era, (late 1800’s to early 1900’s), industry development, (steel machinery) Post war America, (1945 through the turn of the century), growth of service related industry, (business, transportation, communication, personal) Knowledge and Information Era, (2000 to present), growth of high technology industry/business, (PC’s, telecommunication, internet, email, CAD/CAM, World Wide Web)

In the workplace of 2000 Flexibility/creativity vs. endurance/loyalty Feedback frequently vs. yearly Rewards for performance vs. automatic rewards Team rated vs. individually rated Employee self control vs. managerial control Continuous learning vs. end at graduation (Workforce Development Institute)

Employment implication of globalization Free Enterprise System Freedom to own property 1. Freedom to buy and sell goods 2. Contributions of people Strong economy Produce labor Spend money Weak economy Cut back on spending Lay-offs/business closure

Cont 3. Contribution of industry 4. Economic Cycles Inflation Strong economy Recession produces goods depression pays wages Weak economy cuts production increases prices

Implications of Globalization/Global economy Diverse customers New ways of communication Outsourcing of manufacturing Global competition Less unskilled jobs available E-commerce Telecommuting

Employment Trends Resources National trends Career Outlook Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH) Professional organizations/journals National trends Service producing vs. goods producing industries Information producing industries Increase in careers requiring education beyond high school Local/Regional labor market data Economic Development Council Employment Security Commission Department of Labor

Employment, economic and societal trends in relation to geographic mobility The impact of world events on the economy and employment Economy/competition Strong economy – People move in to find employment opportunities Weak economy – People move out for new employment opportunities Governmental action (sanctions/incentives) Outsourcing of labor Job growth/transfer Transportation/commuting Owner occupant households Rural occupants to urban areas to find employment opportunity Constant movement of residence from urban to suburb to rural

Relocating Benefits Disadvantages Can help sustain economic growth Can match people successfully to available jobs based on qualifications Lowers unemployment rate Allows an individual to move up socially Can access personal enrichment resources/experiences Company relocation benefits provided Disadvantages Impact of social mobility on child and elder care Cost of moving Dual income families – both spouses finding employment Selling home Losing social support network

Reasons why changes may require upgrading of employee’s skills Employment change Types Voluntary Involuntary Reasons Keep up with changing technology Job promotion/transfer Job outlook Job loss Career change Changing job description/job duties Implications for career planning SCANS Competencies/Transferable Skills Lifelong Learning Analysis of case study work histories