Faith Long, Austin Thompson, Hannah Nutting, Kacey Driggers Solids Faith Long, Austin Thompson, Hannah Nutting, Kacey Driggers

Solids in detail Solid- firm and stable in shape, not fluid or liquid Definition from book- something is hard or unyielding and has definite shape and volume Extra facts Glass does not have a crystalline structure Some solids can be stretched which are known as ductile materials The shape memory metal, which is a solid, can help repair bones by always moving back to their original positions bringing the bones back in place.

Properties of solids & Kinetic-molecular theory Particles of a solid are more closely packed than a liquid or gas. Attractive forces hold the particles of a solid in fixed positions. Solids are more ordered than liquids, much more ordered than gases Kinetic-Molecular Theory: a theory that explains that the behavior of physical systems depends on the combined actions of the molecules constituting the system. Confirms that solids consist of molecules and that these molecules are in a state of constant motion and posses kinetic energy

More properties Definite shape and volume: Can maintain a definite shape, the volume will change slightly with change of temp or pressure Have definite volume due to particles being closely spaced together Definite Melting Point Melting Point- the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid High density and incompressibility Substances are most dense in solid states, solids tend to be slightly denser than liquids and much more denser than gas…. Higher density=particles that are more closely packed than liquids and gases Kinetic energies of particles overcome the attractive forces holding them together

More Properties cont… Low Rate of Diffusion If a zinc plate and a copper plate are combined together, a few atoms of each metal will diffuse into each other. The rate of diffusion is millions of times slower in solids than in liquids.

Types of solids Crystalline solids-consist of crystals Amorphous solids- noncrystalline solids, including glass and plastics, one of which the particles are arranged randomly. Supercooled liquids- substances that retain certain liquid properties even at temperatures at which they appear to be solid.

Examples... Fluorite Chalcopyrite Emerald Calcite Aragonite Azurite