Non-ideal Power Supply

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Presentation transcript:

Non-ideal Power Supply Power supplies and batteries have an “internal resistance” or “output impedance” that limits the amount of current it can output.

Non-ideal Power Supply Power supplies and batteries have an “internal resistance” or “output impedance” that limits the amount of current it can output. Voltage “Droop”

Non-ideal Power Supply Power output depends on load resistance RL qL RL Max power occurs when RL = RS “Impedance matching”

Inductors A coil of wire produces a magnetic field B(t), which can induce and electric field E(t) and voltage V(t). Inductance of a Solenoid μ = magnetic susceptibility n = # turns per unit length l = length A = cross sectional area http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu

Linear Variable Displacement Transducer (LVDT) Inserting a steel rod into a solenoid changes its inductance. http://www.ni.com/ http://www.digikey.com/

Inductive Transducers Reluctance tachometer - measures angular frequency ω or RPMs. Road sensor – coil of wire in the road senses the presence of a car

Tesla Models S – All electric, 400 HP

AC Induction Motor – 1,000 Amps at 300 V 300,000 W = 400 HP Instantaneous torque! No transmission, no fuel pump, no water pump, no valves… Very few moving parts!

Alternating Current (AC) Applied voltage oscillates sinusoidally V = “peak amplitude” Vpp = “peak-to-peak” VRMS = “root-mean-square” www.learnabout-electronics.org

Alternating Current (AC) The graph shown below is wrong… why? www.home-bkk.com

Complex Numbers Number line – 1 degree of freedom amplitude only Complex plane – 2 degrees of freedom amplitude and phase where

Complex Impedances R Resistor Capacitor C L Inductor http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu

Complex Impedances In the end, we only consider imaginary part. Complex impedances contain information about both amplitude and phase. Ohm’s Law In the end, we only consider imaginary part.