THE CNS.

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Presentation transcript:

THE CNS

EXCEPTION-CRANIAL NERVES

The 1st cranial nerve-the olfactory

The 2nd cranial nerve-optic

The 3rd cranial nerve-the occulomotor

The 4th cranial nerve-trochlear

The 6th cranial nerve- Abducens Has only a somatic motor (general somatic efferent) component. Somatic motor: innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the ipsilateral orbit. The lateral rectus muscle is one of the six extraocular muscles responsible for the precise movement of the eye for visual tracking or fixation on an object.

The 5th cranial nerve-the trigeminal

The 7th cranial nerve-Facial

The 8th cranial nerve-the auditory (vestibulo-chochlear)

The 9th cranial nerve-the glossopharyngeal

The 10th cranial nerve-the Vagus

The 11th cranial nerve- the accessory

12th Cranial nerve-hypoglossal

The hypoglossal nerve controls the intrinsic musculature of the tongue and is evaluated by having the patient "stick out their tongue" and move it side to side. Normally, the tongue will be protruded from the mouth and remain midline. Note deviations of the tongue from midline, a complete lack of ability to protrude the tongue, tongue atrophy and fasciculations on the tongue. The tongue will deviate towards the side of a peripheral lesion, and to the opposite side of a central lesion.