Lecture on Submarine Systems Design and Installation www.AssignmentPoint.com www.assignmentpoint.com
Global Network Map AC-1 & AC-2 PEC EAC GAL NAC PC-1 MAC PAC SAC www.assignmentpoint.com
History Global Marine Systems - Formerly Cable & Wireless Global Marine Origins of Global Marine trace back over 150 years 1999 - Cable & Wireless Global Marine bought by Global Crossing Limited World’s largest subsea cable installation and maintenance contractor www.assignmentpoint.com
www.assignmentpoint.com
History 1850 : First submarine telegraph cable laid (Dover - Calais) 1866 : First successful Trans-Atlantic telegraph submarine cable laid 1956 : First Trans-Atlantic analogue telephone cable laid 1962 : First Trans-Pacific analogue telephone cable laid 1988 : First Trans-Atlantic fibre optic cable laid www.assignmentpoint.com
World Cables - 1963 www.assignmentpoint.com
World Cables - 1999 www.assignmentpoint.com
Desk Study Land site selection Fishing activity Oil exploration & production Sea bed conditions Environmental factors Permits & permissions Existing cables & pipelines If a survey is the foundation of a successful system, the the desk study is the cornerstone of that foundation. If the desk study is done properly then the survey will only be a confirmation of the information. GO THROUGH LIST ABOVE RESULTS Route Selection Cable Types Protection Level Burial Requirement www.assignmentpoint.com
Multi-Beam Survey www.assignmentpoint.com
Sub-Sea Make Up www.assignmentpoint.com
www.assignmentpoint.com
Route Planning A nice picture to show what we are trying to achieve www.assignmentpoint.com
Cable Installation www.assignmentpoint.com
Illustrates the last slide on this scale its 400m - image 4000 & on the subject of trying to imagine 4000m www.assignmentpoint.com
Seabed Slack Variables Explain the slide IMAGINE I’M STANDING THE TOUCHDOWN POINT AND THE SHIP TRYING TO CONTROL THE SLACK HERE IS 4KMS UP AND 20 KMS ALONG Seabed Slack Variables www.assignmentpoint.com
www.assignmentpoint.com
Faults by Water Depth www.assignmentpoint.com
Cable System Maintenance Fishing Damage www.assignmentpoint.com
Cross Section of Cable Types Cable Station / Field Operation Organization Cross Section of Cable Types www.assignmentpoint.com
Somebody once likened trying to install a submarine cable to…. Branching Unit www.assignmentpoint.com
Grapnel The grapnel is a reminder that although the technology both within the cable and at either or its ends has been transformed completely in the last decade, The principal method of repairing the submarine portion is still the same as when we first did this over 150 years ago! Pulling a grapnel along the seabed to recover the cable for repair! Low tech –but effective www.assignmentpoint.com
Generic repair in 4000 metres of water Not enough slack - need to cut Visualise - 3D again Generic repair in 4000 metres of water Not enough slack - need to cut drive slowly across the line of the cable allowing time for things to settle www.assignmentpoint.com
Cable hooked - picking up www.assignmentpoint.com
Cable cut off the bottom www.assignmentpoint.com
Recovering graps - going round again www.assignmentpoint.com
1st holding drive with new grap depth of water from the cut www.assignmentpoint.com
Cable hooked - picking up www.assignmentpoint.com
Ground rope and anchors 1st end buoyed off Ground rope and anchors Second holding drive has been done www.assignmentpoint.com
www.assignmentpoint.com
NEXT SLIDE IS SLOW WHAT ABOUT THE PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE www.assignmentpoint.com
NEXT SLIDE IS SLOW WHAT ABOUT THE PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE www.assignmentpoint.com
www.assignmentpoint.com
Summary Slide “Submarine Systems Design, Installation and Operations” are interdependent and the long term profitability of the system is the direct result of the initial planning and the quality of installation. www.assignmentpoint.com
www.assignmentpoint.com