Rule 2 – Match Play

Rule 2 – Overview 1. All golf is divided into two parts 2. Part 1 – match play 3. Six forms of match play (definitions) 4. Three types of concessions - match, hole, next stroke 5. Rule 2-5 – Claims dealing with Doubt and Disputes (Covered Later) Important note about Overview Slides: By no means is this overview (and others in subsequent presentations) meant to be a complete summary of the Rule or topic to be presented.  It is meant to point out organizing principles and structure, things to watch and listen for and important or challenging concepts that will be encountered in the presentation that follows.

Principle Behind the Rules – Overview 3 Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts In match play only you and your opponent are involved... It is obvious that in match play your opponent, being present, can protect his interests whenever they may be jeopardized by any of your actions. Photo of Richard Tufts Coming Courtesy USGA Archive

Principle Behind the Rules – Overview 4 Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts In match play only you and your opponent are involved but in stroke play every competitor in the field has an interest in the results of your play. In stroke play, all the other competitors in the field cannot be present to protect their rights, it is essential that the Rules serve as a safeguard to their interests. Photo of Richard Tufts Coming Courtesy USGA Archive

Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts TWO EXAMPLES OF HOW THE RULES OF GOLF ARE WRITTEN TO REFLECT THIS WORKING PRINCIPLE: Examples: holing out putting and striking another ball

Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts Holing Out Rule 2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke A player may concede his opponent’s next stroke at any time, provided the opponent’s ball is at rest. The opponent is considered to have holed out with his next stroke.... Rule 3-2. Failure to Hole Out If a competitor fails to hole out at any hole and does not correct his mistake before he makes a stroke on the next teeing ground … he is disqualified. Match Play – Not Required

Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts Holing Out Rule 2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke A player may concede his opponent’s next stroke at any time, provided the opponent’s ball is at rest. The opponent is considered to have holed out with his next stroke.... Rule 3-2. Failure to Hole Out If a competitor fails to hole out at any hole and does not correct his mistake before he makes a stroke on the next teeing ground … he is disqualified. Stroke Play – Required

Putting and Striking Another Ball Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts Putting and Striking Another Ball Rule 19-5a. If a player’s ball in motion after a stroke is deflected or stopped by a ball in play and at rest, the player must play his ball as it lies. In match play, there is no penalty. In stroke play … [if] both balls lay on the putting green prior to the stroke … the player incurs a penalty of two strokes.

Putting and Striking Another Ball Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts Putting and Striking Another Ball Rule 19-5a. If a player’s ball in motion after a stroke is deflected or stopped by a ball in play and at rest, the player must play his ball as it lies. In match play, there is no penalty. In stroke play … [if] both balls lay on the putting green prior to the stroke … the player incurs a penalty of two strokes. Match Play – No Penalty

Putting and Striking Another Ball Principle Behind the Rules – Overview All golf is divided into two parts Putting and Striking Another Ball Rule 19-5a. If a player’s ball in motion after a stroke is deflected or stopped by a ball in play and at rest, the player must play his ball as it lies. In match play, there is no penalty. In stroke play … [if] both balls lay on the putting green prior to the stroke … the player incurs a penalty of two strokes. Stroke Play – Penalty

Definitions – Overview 11 Definitions – Overview The following terms appear in Rule 2 Committee – Rules forms of match play* – side holes (out) – stipulated round* opponent – stroke(s) putting green – teeing ground The following terms are defined in Rule 2 dormie – match halved hole (half) The definitions of the SIX forms of match play and Stipulated Round are defined terms that will be reviewed in full text in this presentation.

Forms of Match Play (1 of 6) 12 Forms of Match Play (1 of 6) Single: A match in which one plays against another. © USGA/Robert Walker 2007 U.S. Senior Women’s Amateur finalists: Anna Schultz and Robyn Puckett

Forms of Match Play (2 of 6) 13 Forms of Match Play (2 of 6) Four-Ball: A match in which two play their better ball against the better ball of two other players. Each player plays his own golf ball throughout the stipulated round. Each side has two balls in play. 2004 Ryder Cup – Oakland Hills CC, Bloomfield, MI: David Price (PGA of America) with Sergio Garcia, Lee Westwood, Jim Furyk and David Toms.

Forms of Match Play (3 of 6) 14 Forms of Match Play (3 of 6) Best-Ball: A match in which one plays against the better ball of two players or the best ball of three players. Circle around single ball automatically zooms first, followed by the circle around the two balls to the right. ©USGA

Forms of Match Play (4 of 6) 15 Forms of Match Play (4 of 6) Foursome: A match in which two players play against two other players, and each side plays one ball. ** SOME of the partners play SOME of the time Webb Simpson, Bubba Watson, European Tour Chief Referee John Paramor, Henrik Stenson, and Justin Rose at the 2014 Ryder Cup at The PGA Centenary Course, Gleneagles, Scotland. This actually was a four-ball match but don’t tell anyone. Courtesy of The R&A

Forms of Match Play (5 of 6) 16 Forms of Match Play (5 of 6) Threesome: A match in which one player plays against two other players, and each side plays one ball. ** SOME of the partners play SOME of the time Circle zooms in automatically to highlight the one ball will be played against one ball played by two players alternating shots. ©USGA

Forms of Match Play (6 of 6) 17 Forms of Match Play (6 of 6) Three-Ball: Three players play a match against one another, each playing his own ball. Each player is playing two distinct matches. Match 1 Match 2 Match 3 labels and lines animate automatically Each player is playing two distinct matches There are three matches being played in the group: 1 - Curly vs. Moe 2 - Moe vs. Larry 3 - Curly vs. Larry

18 Stipulated Round The “stipulated round” consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18 unless a smaller number is authorized by the Committee. As to extension of stipulated round in match play, see Rule 2-3. This definition consists of: 2 default meanings Committee options allowing defaults to be altered This slide shows the whole definition – DO NOT READ THIS SLIDE. Click to the next slide to illustrate the how this definition sets DEFAULT MEANINGS then allows the Committee to adjust the meaning to its needs.

Stipulated Round Default Meanings 19 Stipulated Round The “stipulated round” consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence… unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18… unless a smaller number is authorized by the Committee. These are the two default meanings of stipulated round – 1) correct sequence (play holes 1-18 in order) and 2) play an 18 hole round.

Stipulated Round Committee Option 1 20 Stipulated Round The “stipulated round” consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18 The phrases in blue in this slide describe the Committee’s authority to alter the default meanings laid out in the previous slide, now showing in grey text.

Stipulated Round Committee Option 2 21 Stipulated Round The “stipulated round” consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18 unless a smaller number is authorized by the Committee. The phrases in blue in this slide describe the Committee’s authority to alter the default meanings laid out in the previous slide, now showing in grey text.

Stipulated Round Committee Option 2 22 Stipulated Round The “stipulated round” consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18 unless a smaller number is authorized by the Committee. Rule 33-1. Conditions; Waiving Rule “... The number of holes of a stipulated round must not be reduced once play has commenced for that round...” New text added to Rule 33-1 in 2016.

Stipulated Round Committee Option 3 23 Stipulated Round The “stipulated round” consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18 unless a smaller number is authorized by the Committee. As to extension of stipulated round in match play, see Rule 2-3.

Stipulated Round Committee Option 3 24 Stipulated Round The “stipulated round” consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18 unless a smaller number is authorized by the Committee. As to extension of stipulated round in match play, see Rule 2-3. Rule 2-3. Winner of Match ...If there is a tie, the Committee may extend the stipulated round by as many holes as are required for a match to be won.

25 2-1. General A match consists of one side playing against another over a stipulated round unless otherwise decreed by the Committee. Internal Definition: Match Hole 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 2 up 1 up AS Mueller Gavier x Click to go to the next slide to display the changes to the status of the match

26 2-1. General A match consists of one side playing against another over a stipulated round unless otherwise decreed by the Committee. In match play the game is played by holes. Internal Definition: Match Hole 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 AS 2 up 1 up Mueller Gavier x Click to go to the next slide to display the changes to the status of the match

27 2-1. General Except as otherwise provided in the Rules, a hole is won by the side that holes its ball in the fewer strokes. Hole 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 AS ASAS 1 up 2 up 1 up Mueller Gavier x Hole 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 AS 1 up 2 up 1 up Mueller Gavier x Match from the 2010 US Women’s Amateur Public Links Championship between Ellen Meuller and Martina Gavier. Mueller wins the 4th hole by 2 strokes and the 9th hole when Gavier picks up (i.e., Gavier does not finish the hole). Gavier wins the 11th, 13th, 15th and 17th holes all in the more traditional manner, by a single stroke. Click to show the status of the match changing

28 2-1. General Except as otherwise provided in the Rules, a hole is won by the side that holes its ball in the fewer strokes. In a handicap match the lower net score wins the hole. Hcp 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 AS 1 up 1 up Aaron Zybytski 2 up Hcp 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 AS 1 up 1 up Aaron Zybytski 2 up Handicap match between Aaron and Zybytski With his net scores Aaron wins the 8th and 15th holes and halves the 9th and 13th holes Click to show the status of the match changing

29 2-1. General The state of the match is expressed by the terms: so many “holes up” or “all square,” and so many “to play.” A side is “dormie” when it is as many holes up as there are holes remaining to be played. Scoring standard showing an “All Square” match. Matches that are ALL SQUARE are often incorrectly reported as being “even.” Dormie is a good thing. Internal Definition: Dormie ©USGA

2-1. General ** Players must play the stipulated round until a winner is determined. Scoring is by holes. Terms are “holes up”, all square”, “halved” and “dormie”. ** If the players in a match agreed to omit two holes, i.e. agree to settle the match over 16 holes, the players are disqualified under Rule 1-3 for excluding the operation of Rule 2-1 by failing to play the stipulated round… provided the players knew that this was a breach of the Rules. If they did not know that their action was a breach of the Rules, the match stands as played. Scoring standard showing an “All Square” match. Matches that are ALL SQUARE are often incorrectly reported as being “even.” Dormie is a good thing. ©USGA

31 2-2. Halved Hole A hole is halved if each side holes out in the same number of strokes. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Able Baker

32 2-2. Halved Hole A hole is halved if each side holes out in the same number of strokes. When a player has holed out and his opponent has been left with a stroke for the half, if the player subsequently incurs a penalty, the hole is halved. Player Opponent Made a 4 Putting for a 4 (a half) ©USGA Player giving advice to Opponent with putt to halve hole (see Decision 2-2/1)

33 2-2. Halved Hole A hole is halved if each side holes out in the same number of strokes. When a player has holed out and his opponent has been left with a stroke for the half, if the player subsequently incurs a penalty, the hole is halved. Player Opponent Made a 4 Putting for a 4 (a half) ©USGA Internal Definition: Halved (and Half) Player giving advice to Opponent with putt to halve hole (see Decision 2-2/1)

2-2. Halved Hole ** Players may agree to halve a hole once play has begun for the hole. ** However, if the players agree to consider a hole halved without either player making a stroke, they should be disqualified under Rule 1-3 for agreeing to exclude the operation of Rule 2-1 by failing to play the stipulated round, provided the players knew that this was a breach of the Rules. A B ©USGA Internal Definition: Halved (and Half)

(4 holes up with 3 holes to play) 35 2-3. Winner of Match A match is won when one side leads by a number of holes greater than the number remaining to be played.... Meadow wins 4 & 3 (4 holes up with 3 holes to play) Click to show pop up box

36 2-3. Winner of Match …If there is a tie, the Committee may extend the stipulated round by as many holes as are required for a match to be won. Hole 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 up AS 2 up Cantlay Dirksen 1 up May is underlined to highlight that neither the Rules nor Committee are required to make players break a tie that exists at the end of the stipulated round. Quarter-Final Match from the 2010 US Amateur between Patrick Cantlay and Jed Dirksen. Note that the Committee should state how a tied match is to be resolved before the competition begins. What happens if the Committee does not extend the stipulated round? Decision 33-6/4 -- Players Decide Method of Settling Tie When Committee Fails to Do So Key Decisions, refer to them but don’t spend a lot of class time discussing these Decisions: Decision 2-3/1 -- Players Under Impression Match Is Over Later Realize It Was All Square Decision 2-3/2 – Result of Match When Player Dormie and Opponent Concedes

2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke 37 2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke A player may concede a match at any time prior to the start or conclusion of that match. A player may concede a hole at any time prior to the start or conclusion of that hole. That ball is out of bounds, I concede this hole. ©USGA

2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke 38 2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke Your putt is good ... no, it’s not good. A player may concede his opponent’s next stroke at any time, provided the opponent’s ball is at rest. The opponent is considered to have holed out with his next stroke, and the ball may be removed by either side. ©USGA

2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke 39 2-4. Concession of Match, Hole or Next Stroke Your putt is good ... no, it’s not good. A concession may not be declined or withdrawn. (Ball overhanging hole - see Rule 16-2.) ©USGA See Decision 2-4/7 (Concession of Stroke Refused by Player and Withdrawn by Opponent; Player Then Putts and Misses)

Rule 2-5 – To Be Covered Later 40 Rule 2-5 – To Be Covered Later

41 2-6. General Penalty The penalty for a breach of a Rule in match play is loss of hole except when otherwise provided. Player breaching Rule 13-2 by improving lie or position of ball and area of intended swing by bending tall grass behind his ball. Player improving the area of his intended swing in breach of Rule 13-2.

42 2-6. General Penalty The penalty for a breach of a Rule in match play is loss of hole except when otherwise provided. Otherwise Provided = one-stroke penalty adjustment penalty disqualification disqualification for hole Player improving the area of his intended swing in breach of Rule 13-2.

Rule 2 – Review 1. All golf Is divided into two parts 43 Rule 2 – Review 1. All golf Is divided into two parts 2. Part 1 – match play 3. Six forms of match play (definitions) 4. Three types of concessions - match, hole, next stroke 5. Rule 2-5 – Claims dealing with Doubt and Disputes

? Rule 2 – Review 1. All golf Is divided into two parts 44 Rule 2 – Review 1. All golf Is divided into two parts 2. Part 1 – match play 3. Six forms of match play (definitions) 4. Three types of concessions - match, hole, next stroke 5. Rule 2-5 – Claims dealing with Doubt and Disputes ?