The ASEAN Integration and the Integrative Education Reforms in the Philippine Education System Arvin Kim A. Arnilla, PhD

OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION Regionalization: ASEAN Integration 2015 Philippines’ Response

Significant progress towards ASEAN Community by 2015 ASEAN GDP almost doubled since 2000 Rapid growth of ASEAN trade in goods and services A Popular Destination of Foreign Direct Investment ASEAN Agreement on Movement of Natural Persons (MNP) signed in 2012 Sources: ASEAN Community Progress Monitoring System Report 2012 and The ASEAN State of Education Report 2013

Significant progress towards ASEAN Community by 2015 (cont’d) Increasing trend in average actual number of years schooling completed by the adult population from 2005 -2011 Increasing & converging trend in ASEAN in terms of the adult literacy rate in 2000 - 2011. On average, more than 90% people in ASEAN can read and write Youth literacy rates have improved remarkably (98.5% in 2010) Sources: ASEAN Community Progress Monitoring System Report 2012 and The ASEAN State of Education Report 2013

Significant progress towards ASEAN Community by 2015 (cont’d) Net school enrolment rates increased during 2000 - 2011 in all ASEAN countries Dropout rate declined rapidly between 2000 – 2011 Improvement in gender parity in primary and secondary education ASEAN6–CLMV (Cambodia- Laos-Myanmar-Vietnam) gap in basic education indicators have been narrowed Sources: ASEAN Community Progress Monitoring System Report 2012 and The ASEAN State of Education Report 2013

History of the ASEAN Integration Year Milestones 1992 ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA) signed in Singapore 1997 2nd Informal Summit in Kuala Lumpur ASEAN Vision 2020 2003 REITERATED ----> 9th ASEAN Summit on 7 October 2003 in Bali, Indonesia. The leaders of the members nations signed a declaration known as the Bali Concord II in which they agreed to pursue closer economic integration by 2020. 2007 ACCELARATED---->12th ASEAN Summit, the member countries of ASEAN signed five agreements pertaining to continuing integration of ASEAN and enhancing political, economic and social cooperation in the region Cebu Declaration on the Acceleration of the Establishment of an ASEAN Community by 2015.

ASEAN Vision 2020

Bali concord ii

Cebu declaration 2007 Accelerated the Establishment of an ASEAN Community by 2015 instead of 2020

Three Pillars of the ASEAN Community Political-Security Community (APSC) Enhancing peace, stability, democracy and prosperity in the region through comprehensive political and security cooperation ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Enhancing competitiveness for economic growth and development through closer economic integration, characterized by: Single market & production base, Equitable economic development & Global integration ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC) Nurture human, cultural and natural resources for sustained development in a harmonious and people- centered ASEAN PEACE PROSPERITY PEOPLE

Single Market and Production Base Free flow of professionals Free flow of skilled workers Free flow of goods Free flow of investment Free flow of capital

Movement of Natural Persons AFAS- ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services MRA- Mutual Recognition Agreements MNP- Movement of Natural Persons

ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services (AFAS) Signed by ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM) on 15 December 1995 in Bangkok, Thailand To eliminate the restrictions on trade in SERVICES among member states To have Movement of Natural Persons in ASEAN Facilitate the issuance of visas and work permit Develop core competencies and qualifications for job/occupational and trainers skills required Enhance corporation among ASEAN University Network (AUN) members Strengthen the research capabilities of each ASEAN Member Country

ASEAN Agreement on Movement of Natural Persons (MNP) Signed in Phnom Penh, Cambodia on 19 November 2012 covers skilled workers, professionals and executives, and only for their temporary entry. So it is specifically limited to business visitors, intra-corporate transferees contractual service suppliers, and does not allow for permanent entry by such persons nor does not allow for movement of all persons (e.g., unskilled labor) even on a temporary basis

ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRA’s) Mutual recognition is a process that allows the qualifications gained in one country (the home country) to be recognised in another country (the host country) and ensures an environment where the mobility of professionals can be assured and is an essential component in working towards the free flow of professional services. (http://fig.net/mutrecog/index.htm)

ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRA’s) Education Training Experience Certificates Licenses Mobility

REFERENCE FRAMEWORK (AQRF) ASEAN QUALIFICATIONS REFERENCE FRAMEWORK (AQRF) 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 Qualifications (A) (B) Country AQRF

Enumerate all the ASEAN member-states.

Philippine Government’s Response

Filipinos are… GOOD crammers!

2011 INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINE QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK His Excellency Benigno S. Aquino III, President of the Republic of the Philippines, signed the Executive Order No. 83 dated October 1, 2012 2011 INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINE QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK

Philippine Qualifications Framework Coverage Basic Education Technical and Vocational Education Higher Education

Objectives of the PQF National standards and levels for outcomes of education, training National regulatory and quality assurance mechanisms Pathways and equivalencies for access to qualifications Individual lifelong learning goals for progress through education and training Alignment with international qualifications frameworks

THE PHL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT LEVEL BASIC EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 DOCTORAL AND POST DOCTORAL POST BACCALAUREATE BACCALAUREATE BACCALAUREATE DIPLOMA NC IV NC IV NC III GRADE 12 NC II GRADE 10 NC I

Philippine Qualifications Framework PQF as TOOL for: Curriculum Planning Development of Qualifications Qualifications Register Quality Assurance Accreditation of Education Providers Certification of graduates International Alignment

BASIC EDUCATION REFORMS BEFORE 2012 Trifocalization of Education in the Philippines (by the Education Committee in 1991) Republic Act 9155: Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001 (renaming the Department of Education, Culture and Sports as the Department of Education)

BASIC EDUCATION REFORMS 2012-2013 Republic Act 10157: Kindergarten Education Act Executive Order No. 83, s. 2012: Institutionalization of the Philippine Qualifications Framework Republic Act 10410: Early Years Act (EYA) of 2013 Republic Act 10533: Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013

What does PQF mean?

K to 12

Mother Tongue Based Multilingual Education

Globalization Localization Glocalization

Revised Gen Ed Curriculum CMO 20 s. 2013: Revised Gen Ed Curriculum

CMO No. 20 Series, 2013 General Education Curriculum: Holistic Understandings, Intellectual and Civic Competencies Reduced G.E. to 36 units (12 subjects) Removed the remedial nature of G.E.

Filipino P.E. NSTP

I.T.

Shift to Outcomes-Based Education and the use of learning outcomes Higher Ed CMO 46 OBE TVET Basic Ed (K12) Shift to Outcomes-Based Education and the use of learning outcomes

Internationalization

“Education is the heart of development..” ASEAN 5-Year Work Plan on Education (2011-2015)

Way Forward / Next Steps Bringing together all stakeholders Government agencies Academe Accrediting bodies Industry/Business Professional organizations Professionals In enhancing our Education Competitiveness

ISSUES

TOUGHER Competition Aklan --> Philippines --> ASEAN Region SKILLS and COMPETENCIES should be at par with or exceed the standard in the region

BIGGER Opportunities Practice your profession in the region with lesser restrictions Present your talents/ skills i.e. design

“If you are prepared, you have no apprehensions to go out and compete with other ASEAN architects on their own turf. For those who are prepared, they say this is an OPPORTUNITY. For those who aren’t, they become very INSECURE.” (emphasis supplied) - Architect Jojo Tolentino Source: BluPrint Special Issue 2014, p. 91

Thank you very much for your attention!