A Bioinspired Modification for UAS Propeller/Rotor Noise Reduction

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Presentation transcript:

A Bioinspired Modification for UAS Propeller/Rotor Noise Reduction Mark N. Callender Middle Tennessee State University

Noise in Aviation Federal Aviation Regulations Aircraft Certification (FAR 36) Aircraft Operations (FAR 93) Airport Planning (FAR 150) Regulated to minimize SPL for people on the ground Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Previous Operation Certificates of Authorization (COA) Section 333 Exemptions Current Operation FAR 107 as of August 29th, 2016 The FAA chose not to regulate SPL of UAS

UAS Propeller Noise Reduction Reduce RPM Maximize the product: nSbCL n – number of blades Sb – blade area CL – blade lift coefficient Trailing edge serrations Modify tip geometry

Owl Feather Characteristics Comb-like leading edge Hairy or porous upper surface Downy trailing edge

Propeller Modifications Full span Carved to mimic the leading edge comb Orientation Tip-oriented Hub-oriented

Extech Instruments USB Sound Pressure Level Datalogger 30-130 dB range A and C weighting Shielded 0.5” electret microphone

Sound Chamber 17” x 23.5” x 36” Foam padded interior Multiple mounting locations for the SPL datalogger Horizontal mounting post for electric motor

RCbenchmark Series 1580 Thrust Stand and Dynomometer 1 vertical member 5 kg maximum 0.5% tolerance Torque 2 horizontal members 1.5 Nm maximum Speed 13,000 rpm maximum Controlled via software through USB connection to data acquisition card

Thrust Raw thrust data collected Validated using parallelogram force balance 2nd order polynomial trendline applied

SPL Comparison Hub-oriented comb significantly reduced SPL SPL reduction greatest at low rpm

Thrust Comparison Hub-oriented comb was compared to a baseline propeller Thrust was reduced by 10% over a large rpm range

Constant Thrust Comparison SPL reduction must not adversely affect thrust Constant thrust comparison Given that thrust must increase, sound typically increases SPL is still decreased

SPL Reductions Multiple constant thrust comparisons were conducted SPL reductions across thrust levels Increased SPL reduction as thrust demand decreases

Future Research Leading Edge Comb Upper Surface Treatment Comb angle Comb spacing Upper Surface Treatment Materials Location on blade Trailing Edge Tuft Tuft length Combinations of modifications Incorporation into full scale propellers