Concepts of Engineering and Technology Introduction to Problem Solving

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Presentation transcript:

Concepts of Engineering and Technology Introduction to Problem Solving Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Problem Solving Defined Problem solving is a mental process and is part of the larger problem process that includes problem finding and problem solving. Problem solving is considered the most complex of all intellectual functions, and has been defined as a higher-order cognitive process that requires the modulation and control of more routine or fundamental skills. Problem solving occurs when an organism or an artificial intelligence system needs to move from a given state to a desired goal state. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Problem Solving Process Step 1: Understanding the Problem Step 2: Devising a Plan Step 3: Carrying out the Plan Step 4: Looking Back Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Understanding the Problem Can you state the problem in your own words? What are you trying to find or do? What are the unknowns? What information do you obtain from the problem? What information, if any, is missing or not needed? Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Devising a Plan Look for a pattern. Examine related problems, and determine if the same technique can be applied. Examine a simpler or special case of the problem to gain insight into the solution of the original problem. Make a table. Make a diagram. Write an equation. Use guess and check. Work backward. Identify a sub goal. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Carrying out the Plan Implement the strategy or strategies in Step 2, and perform any necessary actions or computations. Check each step of the plan as you proceed. This may be intuitive checking or a formal proof of each step. Keep an accurate record of your work. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Looking Back Check the results in the original problem. (In some cases this will require a proof.) Interpret the solution in terms of the original problem. Does your answer make sense? Is it reasonable? Determine whether there is another method of finding the solution. If possible, determine other related or more general problems for which the techniques will work. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Storyboard Let’s make your own Pictionary, using abstract thinking. From the problem solving Pictionary, label four or more steps of the problem solving process. You may break each of the four steps into sub steps. You may use the characters given to trace over them. Using the Pictionary below, move the pictures until you get the idea that solves the problem the way you think answers the question. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Have fun making your own Pictionary Look at it forward. Look at it backwards. Look at it as each is a part of its own. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.