maintaining homeostasis Cell Transport maintaining homeostasis Chapter 7-3 in textbook

Cell Membrane ___________what enters and leaves the cell Cell membrane is surrounded by _______ Phospholipid bilayer

Cell Membrane Lipid bilayer Forms by itself in water Proteins attached _________ _____________

Diffusion in cells When small _______diffuse in and out of the cell to reach ____________ on both side of the membrane

Passive Transport Does _____require any _____ Happens ____________ __________ may be used in cell membrane

Passive Transport This type of transport moves from an area of ____ concentration to ____concentration

Diffusion Type of ________transport When ________ move from an area of _____concentration to an area of _____concentration until equilibrium is met

Concentration The amount of dissolved ______in a ________ Molecules will move to an area ____ concentrated Molecules diffuse through the cell membrane of cells

Concentration gradient The _______in concentration in a solution between a cell and its surroundings

Concentration Gradient No gradient - ______distribution Concentration to the ______ Concentration Gradient

Increase Rate of Diffusion Temperature Molecules move ______ in _______ temperatures Pressure Increasing pressure also ________ rate of diffusion

Equilibrium This occurs when there is ____ concentration gradient Molecules are ______ dispersed but still continue to move randomly

Osmosis Diffusion of _______ across a biological membrane From an area of _____ concentration to _____ concentration of WATER

Osmosis in Cells Cells are surrounded by water and filled with water. Water can move freely through the ________

Direction of Osmosis

Osmotic Pressure Net movement of ______ into cells Determined by _______ concentration

Osmosis - hypertonic ______ concentration in solution Ex: a cell in salt water If molecules are too large to fit through cell membrane or protein channels ______ will diffuse _____ of the cell to reach equilibrium Cell ______

Osmosis - hypotonic _______ concentration in solution Ex: a cell in pure water If molecules are too large to fit through cell membrane or protein channels ______ will diffuse _____ the cell to reach equilibrium Cell ______ - may burst!

Osmosis - Isotonic _______ concentration in solution If molecules are too large to fit through cell membrane or protein channels ______ will diffuse ____ _____ _____of the cell to maintain equilibrium

Red Onion Cells - Isotonic

Red Onion Cells - Hypertonic

Red Onion Cells - Hypotonic

Facilitated Diffusion When the cell membrane has ________ ________ where materials are transported in or out of cell ____ energy needed for this process

Active Transport ________ concentration gradient From an area of ______ concentration to an area of _____ concentration Requires cell energy (_____) because you’re going ________ concentration gradient

Active Transport ______ _______ embedded in cell membrane Gated channels _____ energy to open Protein changes ______ when energy is used

Sodium/Potassium Pump Step 1: 3 Na+ ions bind to ______ ________ Step 2: ____ binds to carrier protein and changes _______ allowing Na+ to move _____ of the cell Step 3: 2 K+ ions move _____ carrier protein Step 4: ____ binds to carrier protein and changes ______ allowing K+ to move _____ the cell

Movement in Vesicles Endocytosis - ______ the cell Cell membrane is used to create a vesicle around particles Phagocytosis ________ ingestion Pinocytosis

Movement in Vesicles Exocytosis - _____ of the cell Vesicles created in the cell fuse with cell membrane and release particles/liquids Known as bulk transport