Coral Reef Science Ruth D. Gates Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology.

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Presentation transcript:

Coral Reef Science Ruth D. Gates Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology

Corals are functionally dependent on symbionts Symbiodinium dinoflagellates Coral gastrodermal cell Organic carbon Dinoflagellate Inorganic nutrients Intracellular Interaction Mutualism Environmentally Sensitive

No two reefs or corals are the same

Reef ecosystems - threatened by a diversity of stressors that vary over time and space ` CELL COLONY REEF LOCAL REGIONAL GLOBAL CELL COLONY REEF LOCAL REGIONAL GLOBAL Destructive Fishing Destructive Fishing Anchor Damage Anchor Damage Hurricanes and storm disturbances Hurricanes and storm disturbances Crown-of-thorns outbreaks Crown-of-thorns outbreaks Chemical pollution Chemical pollution Over- fishing Over- fishing Sedimentation from urbanization Sedimentation from urbanization YEARS MONTHS WEEKS DAYS HRS MINS Coral disease Coral disease YEARS MONTHS WEEKS DAYS HRS MINS Sedimentation from deforestation Sedimentation from deforestation A SPECTRUM OF STRESSORS! Where is HI? Where is haunauma bay? El Niño Southern Oscillation El Niño Southern Oscillation Decreased Aragonite Saturation State Decreased Aragonite Saturation State Algal over-growth Algal over- growth Global Climate Change Global Climate Change

Grand Challenge Research Areas Predicting how climate change and increasing human activity impact the functional integrity of coral reefs Understanding how biodiversity (taxonomic, genetic and functional) influences ecosystem resilience Defining links between, environmental context, 3D complexity, biodiversity and human services

Data Types Problems Image Text GIS Sensor streams Spectral Fasta Accessibility Not standardized Not digitized Dark

Coral Image Data Can Brown Dog Help? Extensive collections Multi-scale Multi-state Qualitative Huge quantitative Resource Source of unexplored knowledge Can Brown Dog Help?

Rapid Changes in Health State Day Day 42 Image Analysis Adjust/Normalize Compare Features i.e. Color Texture Assembly Day 21

Massive Resource – Legacy Data 100,000’s digital photographs Same site over a time span of 50 years Unstructured and uncurated collections on hard drives Extraction of metadata Taxonomic annotation – feature comparison Assembly and coral cover Size analysis Assess change over time?