Participles Lesson 57 pp. 388-391 2012/2013

What are participles? Participles are adjectives that are made from verbs. “Verbal adjectives.” The running man. (run) The lost money. (lose) The girl about to jump. (jump)  Latin uses 1 word here instead of 3!

You already know… PPP’s: Perfect Passive Participles The 4th principal part of a verb. Translated “having been verbed” or “verbed” amitto, amittere, amisi, amissus: lose amissus: having been lost, “lost” Pecunia amissa: the lost money

Participle Tenses and Voices Present Active Participle: verbing Perfect Passive Participle: having been verbed Future Active Participle: about to verb

Participle chart Present Active Voice -ns, -ntis Passive Voice X Present stem (drop the –re) then add: -ns, -ntis (verbing) Passive Voice X Perfect the 4th principle part of the verb ending in –us, -a, -um (verbed, having been verbed) Future 4th principal part minus the –us, then add –urus/-ura/-urum (about to verb) TBL…

Participle chart amo, amare, amavi, amatus: love Present Active Voice amans, amantis (loving) Passive Voice X Perfect amatus, -a, -um (loved, having been loved) Future amaturus, -a, -um (about to love) TBL…

Declining Participles Participles that end in –us/-a/-um use the same old 1st and 2nd declension charts you’ve known and loved since Latin I.  M F N -us -i -a -ae -um -a -i -orum -ae -arum -i -orum -o -is -ae -is -o -is -um -os -am -as -um -a -o -is -ā -is -o -is

Declining Participles Present active participles (-ns, -ntis) decline like 3rd declension i-stem nouns. M/F Neuter amans amantes amans amantia amantis amantium amantis amantium amanti amantibus amanti amantibus amantem amantes amans amantia amante amantibus amanti amantibus

Practicing Participles Form and translate the present active, perfect passive, and future active participles of: voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatus: call moneo, monere, monui, monitus: warn dico, dicere, dixi, dictus: speak *facio, facere, feci, factus: make *munio, munire, munivi, munitus: fortify *facio and munio use –iens, -ientis instead of –ns, -ntis for their present active forms