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Realism and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain A study of irony, satire, realism, and American culture in the mid-1800’s All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn. - Ernest Hemingway

Crumbling Romanticism Civil War (1861-1865) divides country Disillusionment with America Promise lost because of Civil War/Slavery A new literary movement for new horrors of life – Civil War Rejection of idealism, larger than life heroes

Realism – The anti-Romanticism Characters from lower classes, cities Detailed depiction of ordinary characters and realistic events. Use everyday speech. Focus on ethical struggles and social issues of real-life situation.

Mark Twain – A New Way of Writing 1835 – 1910 MissouriMississippi Humorist Dry humor, storyteller Satire Realist Captured grim realities in America. Abolitionist Embittered old man.

THE SEXTON stood in the porch of Milford meeting-house, pulling busily at the bell-rope. The old people of the village came stooping along the street. Children, with bright faces, tripped merrily beside their parents, or mimicked a graver gait, in the conscious dignity of their Sunday clothes. Spruce bachelors looked sidelong at the pretty maidens, and fancied that the Sabbath sunshine made them prettier than on week days. When the throng had mostly streamed into the porch, the sexton began to toll the bell, keeping his eye on the Reverend Mr. Hooper's door. The first glimpse of the clergyman's figure was the signal for the bell to cease its summons. "But what has good Parson Hooper got upon his face?" cried the sexton in astonishment. You don’t know me, without you have read a book by the name of “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,” but that ain’t no matter. That book was made by Mr. Mark Twain, and he told the truth, mainly. There was things which he stretched, but mainly he told the truth. That is nothing. I never seen anybody but lied, one time or another without it was aunt Polly, or the widow, or maybe Mary. Aunt Polly—Tom’s aunt Polly, she is—and Mary, and the widow Douglas, is all told about in that book—which is mostly a true book; with some stretchers, as I said before.

Race/Slavery Can’t discuss book without discussing race and controversy. Historical context of the novel Pre-Civil War, but written after in 1884 Use of the “N” word A question to consider as you read: Does the use of the “N” word mean that the book should be banned? Does changing the word alter Twain’s purpose?

Relationships Always pay attention to relationships Father/Son - actual - created Friendships Brothers Family

Border Culture From Maria Anzaldua’s book, Borderlands Stuck in between two worlds. The result of living in two cultures. Doesn’t fully belong in either. Border Character Torn between two identities/worlds Feels he doesn’t belong to one or the other