Warm up – 7. What is the main idea of the following poem and what details and ideas in the poem back it up? We are nature […] We become plants, trunks, foliage, roots, bark, We are bedded in the ground, we are rocks, We are Oaks. Tenderly will I use you curling grass, It may be you transpire from the breasts of young men The smallest sprout shows there is really no death. And as to you Corpse I think you are good manure, but that does not offend me, I smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips, I reach to the polish’d breasts of melons. - Walt Whitman

Section 1, p. 116-123 Chapter 5

Energy Flow in Ecosystems What is the ultimate source of energy of almost all organisms on our planet? The sun!!!

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Can someone tell me what is the process of obtaining energy from sunlight? Photosynthesis

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Photosynthesis The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce sugars and oxygen Sugar Molecules are known as carbohydrates

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Chlorophyll The light trapping molecule needed for photosynthesis to occur

Energy Flow in Ecosystems How does a coyote depend on the sun?

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Producer An organism that makes its own food Also known as autotrophs Auto - self Troph - nourish So self-nourishers or self-feeders.

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Consumers Organisms that get their energy by eating other organisms Also called heterotrophs Hetero – other, different Troph - nourish So nourishes on others, other-feeders

Energy Flow in Ecosystems All producers make their food using sunlight except for: Bacteria deep in the ocean can use hydrogen sulfide to make their own food. These are the producers of a dark, underwater ecosystem

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Decomposers Are consumers that break down dead organisms to get their food De – separation  Compose - to be the component elements of So separation of the component elements

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Four types of consumers: Herbivore Herb – pertaining to plants Vor - eat Plant eaters Consumers that eat only producers

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Carnivores Carn – flesh Vor – eat Meat eaters Eat other consumers

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Omnivore Omni – all, every Vor – eat Eaters of plants and animals Eat both consumers and producers

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Decomposer (you have the definition already) Are consumers that break down dead organisms to get their food

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Now we have learned how organisms get energy but what is the term that describes how these organisms use that energy? Cellular Respiration

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Cellular Respiration The process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates Atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water, carbon dioxide, and energy Is NOT the same as respiration

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy Flow in Ecosystems How is energy transferred through an ecosystem? Through Food chains Food Webs Trophic Levels

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Food Chain A linear sequence in which energy is transferred from one organism to the next Each organism eats the next

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Food Web A diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem

Food Web

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Trophic Level One of the steps of energy transfer in a food chain/web/pyramid Includes: Producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Tertiary consumers

Energy Flow in Ecosystems Only 10% of a trophic level’s energy is available to the next trophic level!!!

Energy Flow in Ecosystems