Propagating and growing plants Lesson 1

Propagation Propagation is the process by which the supply of a type of plant is increased There are a variety of methods to make new plants that depend on either sexual methods (seeds) or asexual methods (tissues)

Propagation: copy Propagation is the way in which new plants are produced. The process can be sexual (seeds) or asexual (tissues)

Seeds Seeds are the product of sexual reproduction in flowering plants Contain genetic information from each parent- seeds are genetically different to one another Different plants produce seeds of different sizes.

Seeds Seeds come in all shapes and sizes but they all have the same basic plan Food store- provides energy for growth Embryo- young shoot and root develops into an adult plant Seed coat- protective layer

Seeds: draw and copy Seeds are all different but all have the same parts Structure Function Seed coat Tough protective outer layer Embryo Shoot and root which develops into adult plant Food Store Starch stored for young plant to use till it can make its own

Sowing seeds Very small seeds are difficult to sow individually so they are mixed with silver sand before sowing. This makes it easier to spread them out

Larger seeds can be sown individually Sowing seeds Larger seeds can be sown individually

Growing plants from seeds Germination is the start of growth in the seed. Three factors are required for successful germination: Water - allows the seed to swell up and the embryo to start growing Oxygen - so that energy can be released for germination Warmth - germination improves as temperature rises (up to a maximum)

Growing plants from seeds Water enters the seed through a pore- seed swells and splits Oxygen is present in soil- needed for respiration which released food store’s energy Light can affect germination- some need to be on soil surface to get light, some need darkness to germinate

Germination: copy Germination is the start of growth of the seed Water, Oxygen and Warmth are required for germination

Seeds Dispersal Plant survival depends on plants being able to spread out and colonise new places Plant seeds can be dispersed in a number of ways: WIND, ANIMAL INTERNAL, ANIMAL EXTERNAL and EXPLOSION

Watch the and take notes from each of the video clips Videos Watch the and take notes from each of the video clips

Seed dispersal What sort of features would a seed have if it were dispersed by wind?

Animal Internal Brightly coloured, tasty fruits to attract the animal. The seeds are then passed through the animals body and exit elsewhere via faeces

Copy Seed dispersal is the TRANSPORT of seeds AWAY from the parent plant Plant seeds can be dispersed in a number of ways. The methods of seed dispersal we are going to talk about are: WIND, ANIMAL INTERNAL, ANIMAL EXTERNAL and EXPLOSION