Ionic Bonding and Naming Chapter 7/9 Ionic Bonding and Naming

Sim. And diff between Ionic and Covalent Bonds Draw Ionic and Covalent Pictures Naming Ions Given formula, write the name Basic (monoatomic cations and anions) Using polyatomic ions Using transition metals Given name, write the formula

Ionic vs Covalent Bonding?

So why do atoms react with each other?

How many valence e- does Na have? Cl?

Ionic bond – the attraction between oppositely charged atoms Na now has a +1 charge Cl now has a -1 charge Ionic bond – the attraction between oppositely charged atoms Caused by taking/giving of electrons Often between metals and nonmetals

Metals vs Nonmetals

Why Ionic Bond? NaCl MgCl2 FeO3 CuF

Caption?

Covalent Bonds Defn: atoms share electrons Often between nonmetals H2O

Why Covalent? CH4 C6H12O6 NH3

Ionic Or Covalent Bonds? KCl CO2 BeF3 CuO AlF3

Ionic-Covalent Bonding Activity

Common Names 1) Dry ice 2) Epsom salts (magnesium sulfate) 3) Milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide)

Chemical Formulas show the relative #’s of atoms in a chemical compound C12H22O11 Pb(NO3)4 (NH4)2CrO4

Monoatomic Anions? End in -ide F vs F-1 S vs S-2 What is the charge based on?

What is the name of…. O-2 Cl-1

Monoatomic Cations?

Monoatomic Cations Single Positive ions What determines charge? Na+1 Sodium Ion Mg+2 Magnesium Ion Examples: Ca+2 Ag+1

Polyatomic Ions Given name, write formula Recognize ending is ate or ite Look up using P-ion sheet Ex5 Chlorate Ex6 Bicarbonite

Polyatomic Ions Given formula, write name Recognize multiple capital letters together Look up on Pion sheet Ex7 PO4-3___________________ Ex8 NO2-1_____________________

Monoatomic and Polyatomic Basic wks

Writing Names for Ionic Compounds Front name – positive (cation – metal) Back name – negative (anion – nonmetal) Binary ionic compounds – composed of only 2 types of elements ( M + NM) – end in -ide NaCl MgCl2 Al2O3 NaH Sodium Chloride Magnesium Chloride Aluminum Oxide Sodium Hydride

Writing Names Using Polyatomic Ions Same Rules as basic ones: Take name of positive ion and negative ion and put them together Ex13 LiClO3   Ex14 LiClO2

Ex15 CaCO3   Ex16 K(HCO2) Ex17 Mg(NO3)2

Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds _______ – positive ions Typically _______________________________ _______ – negative ions Total Charge of all ions must add up to ____

Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds Cations – positive ions Typically metals or polyatomic ions Anions – negative ions Typically nonmetals or polyatomic ions Total Charge of all ions must add up to 0

Why does the number of Cl’s change? NaCl MgCl2 AlCl3

Steps for Writing Binary Ionic compound 1) Write the two ions involved 2) If the charges on the ions are the same, “drop ‘em” and push elements together 3) If the charges are different, “criss cross” 4) Simplify the subscripts if possible (ie. 2 and 4 turns to 1 and 2 or 3 and 9 turns to 1 and 3) Same charges – Na+1 Cl-1 - Mg+2 O-2 - Different charges- Na+1 S-2- Mg+2 Cl-1- NaCl Sodium Chloride MgO Magnesium Oxide Na2S Sodium Sulfide MgCl2 Magnesium Chloride

Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds Ternary Ionic compounds 5) Sodium Nitrate 6) Sodium Carbonate 7) Aluminum Nitrate Na+1 NO3-1 Na(NO3) Na+1 CO3-2 Na2(CO3) Al+3 NO3-1 Al(NO3)3

Complete Ex 8-10 8) Aluminum Carbonate 9) Aluminum Phosphate 10) Aluminum Bihypophosphite

Practice Worksheet

Stock System – use Roman Numerals for naming compounds with metals that have multiple charges (the transitions!) Name Symbol Charge Stock Name Copper Cu +1 Cu (I) +2 Cu (II) Mercury Hg Hg (I) Hg (II) Lead Pb Pb (II) +4 Pb (IV) Tin Sn Sn (II) Sn (IV) Iron Fe Fe (II) +3 Fe (III)

Exceptions Ag is always = +1 charge Zn always = +2 charge DON’T write Ag I Zn always = +2 charge DON’T write Zn II

CuCl Cu = +1 Copper (I) chloride CuCl2 Cu = +2 Copper (II) chloride

Practice! 5) Sn3N2 6) AgOH 7) PbCO3 8) Zn(OH)2 9) Fe2(SO4)3 Tin (II) Nitride Silver Hydroxide Lead (II) Carbonate Zinc Hydroxide Iron (III) Sulfate

More Practice!! 10) Cu(HSO2)2 11) CuSO2 12) CuHCO3 Copper (II) Bihyposulfite Copper (II) Hyposulfite Copper (I) Bicarbonate

Ex13 Nickel (III) acetate Ex 14 Iron (II) chloride Ex 15 Iron (III) hydroxide Ex 16 Manganese (IV) nitrite Ex 17 Chromium (III) sulfide

Practice! 1) LiClO3 2) LiClO2 3) CaCO3 4) Ca(HCO2)2 5) Fe(NO3)3 Lithium Chlorate Lithium Chlorite Calcium Carbonate Calcium Bicarbonite Iron (III) Nitrate

Complete Wks Complete Wks “Ionic Compound Names and Formulas” wks (1-24) Complete Mixed bag wks

Stations Monoatomic ions (no trans. metal) name to formula Monoatomic ions (no trans. Metal) formula to name One mono (no trans metal), one poly, name to formula One mono (no trans metal), one poly, formula to name Transition metal and mono ion, name to formula Transition metal and mono ion, formula to name Transition metal and poly ion, name to formula Transition metal and poly ion, formula to name Both polyatomic ions, name to formula Both polyatomic ions, formula to name