Contra Costa Mosquito & Vector Control District Protecting Public Health Since 1927 Randall Diamond President, Board of Trustees (Danville) Deborah Bass Public Affairs Manager Thank you, Randall. I’m very pleased to be here and share with you tonight information about our services for mosquitoes and other vectors, Zika virus, and vector activity in the Town of Danville.

Operational Overview Budget: balanced budget last year, small surplus this year to go into reserves Audit: Unqualified Opinion (there’s no qualification to the opinion, it’s the best you can get, is very clean) CEQA: Disclose to public any significant environmental effects – 1999 adopted mitigated negative declaration, adopted Programmatic EIR this year - highest level of environmental documentation allows for the maximal scrutiny of District’s programs Proud of our transparency – all of these documents are available on the website for the public Summary: operates efficiently and responsibly Introduce Deborah: Public Affairs Manager

Special District: Independent Vector: any animal or insect that can transmit disease or cause discomfort to people First, I’d like to point out that we are a special district, we are an independent agency and not part of the Contra Costa County government. Contra Costa County simply encompasses the area in which we serve. So, we are Mosquito and Vector Control - the term vector means: …

Services Funded By Property Taxes Mosquitoes Rats/mice Yellowjackets Skunks Ticks All of our services are funded by tax dollars. We services for mosquitoes, rats and mice, yellowjackets, skunks and ticks.

Mosquito Control Matters 23 Mosquito species; flight, habitats, diseases differ 2 transmit West Nile virus Mosquitoes are our primary vector to control. To date, there are 23 species of mosquitoes in Contra Costa County. They all have different attributes. Some stay very close to their water source while others will fly up to 20 miles away from their source. They require different habitats and each mosquito may or may not transmit a particular disease. Luckily, we have on our staff, scientists and technicians who can navigate their complexities. Two of these species are vectors for West Nile virus.

Mosquito Control Matters West Nile Virus Dump standing water Birds are reservoir 2015: 4 2016: 3 Endemic Several cases each year 2 fatalities in 2006 1:70 West Nile fever Wear repellent West Nile virus is actually a disease of birds and they are the reservoir. Infected dead birds can indicate where we need to concentrate our surveillance and control efforts. In Danville this year, we have found three birds that tested positive for West Nile virus. Last year in Danville there were four. West Nile virus is endemic, meaning it’s here to stay. Every year in Contra Costa County, residents are infected with West Nile virus and in 2006, two people died from it. It’s important to note that while we only have 5 or 6 cases reported each year in our county, those are usually the severe cases. According to the CDC, for every person reported with a severe case of WNV, there are up to 70 people who suffered from the less severe form of the disease- - West Nile fever. These are people who have mild to severe symptoms, sometimes partial paralysis, who are affected by the disease, they just didn't know it was West Nile virus. That means that in Contra Costa County for example, in 2015 as many as 350 people had West Nile virus, they just didn't know it. Since West Nile virus can affect anyone of any age, it’s essential we take the proper precautions: dump standing water and wear mosquito repellent when outdoors.

All Mosquito Species Require Stagnant Water To Begin Their Life Cycle. Mosquito Life Cycle Dumping standing water is essential since mosquitoes must begin their lives in water. Female mosquitoes purposely seek out standing, still water, in which to lay her eggs. She lays eggs rafts which are about the size of a grain of rice and contains hundreds of mosquitoes. All Mosquito Species Require Stagnant Water To Begin Their Life Cycle.

Mosquito Control Matters As a public health agency, we primarily focus on controlling mosquitoes while they are still in the water, before they have a chance to fly away and possibly acquire and transmit diseases like West Nile virus. Most of our control is completed at this stage, more efficiently, and before the mosquitoes morph into flying, biting adult mosquitoes capable of transmitting disease. When mosquitoes do reach their adult stage and when surveillance and testing confirms they either have West Nile virus or their populations are too high, we conduct fogging operations to control the adult mosquitoes. We analyze a variety of data, from weather to mosquito species, to determine whether fogging is necessary. Once we decide that we need to fog, we do so as soon as we can operationally do so. Sometimes that means the same day, but usually it means the next day. To be notified immediately, sign up for our fogging notifications on our website. All of the products we use are EPA-registered for use in mosquito control . Larval mosquitoes primary target Fog when necessary Analyze data, act now EPA registered products

Mosquito Control Matters 1 Neglected Pool = 1 Million Mosquitoes & Affect People up to 5 Miles Away (WNV threat) Neglected swimming pools are a notorious producer of mosquitoes across our county and present a significant problem. Just one partially neglected swimming pool can produce more than 1 million mosquitoes and affect people up to 5 miles away. And these pools are often hidden from our view. We rely on realtors, city and county personnel, and residents to alert us to neglected pools so we can ensure they don’t breed mosquitoes. And the kind of mosquitoes that transmit West Nile virus thrive in neglected swimming pools. Maintaining neglected swimming pools is necessary to reduce our risk of West Nile virus.

Vector Control Matters In Danville Request for Service Increased in 2016 Mild winter, wet spring = more food & harborage We received an increase in calls for service with yellowjackets and rats and mice this year throughout Contra Costa County. We attribute this to a mild winter and a wet spring which led to more vegetation which increased harborage and food for these vectors. Requests for service increased 52% for yellowjackets and 42% for rats and mice in Danville. 52% Increase 42% Increase

Mosquito Control Matters What is Zika Virus? Mosquito-borne disease Microcephaly Can be transmitted sexually No vaccine; no treatment What is Zika virus? This is our most popular question this year. Zika virus is a mosquito-borne disease that is spread through infected mosquitoes. The virus can also be transmitted sexually. Zika virus can cause microcephaly in newborns, a severe birth defect where babies are born with abnormally small heads due to incomplete brain development. There is no vaccine or cure for Zika. Courtesy davidaobrochta.com

Mosquito Control Matters Zika Virus Surveillance plan in place: Coordinated Integrated New Species Emerging Diseases The good news is we already have a plan in place. As a public health agency, we've been protecting public health from mosquito-borne diseases for nearly 100 years. Emerging diseases are one reason why mosquito control districts like ours exist. Our comprehensive surveillance plan is well coordinated, integrated, and designed to monitor for new mosquitoes and their associated diseases such as West Nile and Zika viruses, just to name a few. We collect, identify, count, and test mosquitoes consistently to understand when new species of mosquitoes arrive in Contra Costa County. And our testing program — which is part of a coordinated effort with state agencies and the University of California —helps us to understand when mosquitoes are carrying diseases.

Invasive Mosquito Species Locations Contra Costa County: None Invasive Mosquito Species Locations Alameda County 2015 San Mateo County 2014 & 2015 The species of mosquitoes that can transmit Zika, are found in Southern and Central California, but are not currently found in Contra Costa County. Our District has and will continue to monitor for the presence of invasive mosquito species as well as new and emerging mosquito-borne viruses as a whole. This map details where the Aedes species that can transmit Zika are currently located or had been previously detected (data as of October 10, 2016). Please note that one of the Aedes species was found in San Mateo county in 2014 and 2015, and Alameda county in 2015; however, there is no evidence of the mosquito at this time. The invasive mosquitoes have not been found in Contra Costa County to date. Currently: None Courtesy davidaobrochta.com

Mosquito Control Matters Zika Virus 296 California residents 15 Contra Costa County residents All are travel-associated infections 2015 to date To date, 296 California residents and 15 Contra Costa residents have been infected with Zika. All of these people acquired the disease by traveling to an area that currently has Zika virus activity. No one has been infected locally. *As of 10/12/16~CDC.gov Courtesy davidaobro-Cta.com

Contra Costa Mosquito & Vector Control District Thank you. www.ContraCostaMosquito.com