The big picture  What is development? …the process in which someone or something grows or changes and becomes more advanced.

International Development

Every country is at a different stage of development

Development gap

Extreme poverty is defined as living below $1.25 a day. What is poverty? Watch: What is poverty? Condition where people's basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter are not being met. Extreme poverty is defined as living below $1.25 a day.

Is extreme poverty going to end by 2030? As the chart shows, over the next 15 years, the bulk of the reduction in poverty is expected to occur in South Asia, leaving almost all the world’s extreme poor living in Sub-Saharan Africa. Number of people living in extreme poverty (millions)

For next lesson: (a) Find what is (1) Absolute poverty (2) Relative poverty (b) Find a photo which shows poverty and write the definition of poverty above or below the photo, add your name and class at the top and print it. (Max.A4)

What are you going to learn in this chapter? How unequal our world is. Pages 66/67 The differences of living conditions between highly developed countries and poorly developed countries. 68/69 How we measure development, pages 70/71 The reasons for the development gap. Pages 76/78 The reasons for illegal migration pages 80/81

Project-Based Learning on migration Go to geographyiseasy.wordpress.com and click on the PBL on migration page. Download the booklet. Link to page

How unequal our world is. Pages 66/67 Meet four teenagers in different countries, with different standards of living. Where you are born can make a huge difference to your life! Read page 66. Answer questions 1 and 2 Workbook page 35

What does inequality mean? Current world population Nearly 1/2 of the world’s population — more than 3 billion people — live on less than $2.50 a day. More than 1.3 billion live in extreme poverty — less than $1.25 a day. 1 billion children worldwide are living in poverty. According to UNICEF, 22,000 children die each day due to poverty. 805 million people worldwide do not have enough food to eat. 

More than 750 million people lack adequate access to clean drinking water. 781 million adults are illiterate (can’t read of write)

Some indicators of development are 

Literacy rate: Percentage of a country's population that can read and write.

The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths under one year of age per 1,000 live births occurring among the population of a country during the same year. Thinking time: Why is infant mortality rate a main indicator of development?

Where are the highest rates?

Life expectancy is the average number of years that a person may expect to live.

Quiz time: do you know What is development? the process in which someone or something grows or changes and becomes more advanced. What is the development gap? The gap between rich and poor countries What is literacy rate? Percentage of a country's population that can read and write. What is infant mortality rate? the number of deaths under one year of age per 1,000 live births occurring among the population of a country during the same year. What is life expectancy? the average number of years that a person may expect to live.

Answer Questions 3, 4 , 5 and 6. p67 Use bullet points to answer questions 4, 5 and 6.

Question 3 What does inequality mean? When wealth and access to services are not shared equally. Three bullet points you think give the strongest examples of inequality.

Question 4 Why can poverty trigger conflict? If people living in poverty perceive the world as unequal, and they have no hope, they are likely to be angry and frustrated. They may be attracted to groups who see violence as the only way to bring about change.

Question 5 Some suggestions to end poverty:

Question 6 Is it wrong to ignore poverty? Would the world be more stable o=if there were less inequality? What if people are being exploited to help us live comfortably? Watch : Nike Sweatshops Definition of sweatshop. : a shop or factory in which employees work for long hours at low wages and under unhealthy conditions.

So what is development? Page 68

Read page 68 Answer questions 1 and 3 Workbook page 36

How are countries classified How are countries classified? For instance, by using the Human Development Index (HDI). A country scores higher HDI when the life expectancy is higher, the education level is higher, and the GDP per capita is higher. Gross Domestic Product (total value of goods and services produced by a country in one year divided by the population)

Order of development Go to data by country Country with the highest HDI: Cyprus: Country with the lowest HDI:

Answer question 4 page 69

Escaping from poverty Pages 80/81

Seydou’s story Read out Seydou’s story Pair work: Answer questions 1 and 2 page 81

Page 81 What are the reasons for people to migrate without visa or permit? Mexican border - The dangerous crossing What do photos D and E show? Refugees in Cyprus protesting Mediterranean deadlier than ever  Answer question 4.

Question 4 It is understandable that people want to make a better life for themselves. We would all do the same. Europe must do something to help prevent migrants from drowning in the Mediterranean. EU countries did agree on a rescue policy and ships helped to patrol the Mediterranean and save people. But there is little agreement on what to do about the rescued migrants.

How did the development gap grow? Part 1 PAGE 76

Historical reasons Industrial Revolution Colonies

Colonies

Decolonisation

Main points Industrial revolution (18th century) spread from Britain to Europe and North America and these areas became wealthy. Meanwhile, Europeans had been exploring Africa, South America and Asia. They took over places as colonies. They shipped out natural resources and slaves and became very rich. After their independence, most of the former colonies were left with few roads, schools, hospitals or skills…and much unrest.

Geographical reasons 1- Difficult development: Hot, dry landlocked country with poor soil and few natural resources . (see map) 2- Beneficial for development: (i) Natural resources such as oil, e.g. Qatar (ii) Location e.g. Singapore as it sits in one of the busiest shipping routes.

Health and education What helps a country to develop? Well-educated, skilled and healthy workers! In poor countries (i) many bright young people don’t get an education. (ii) Diseases such as malaria, TB (tuberculosis - an infectious bacterial disease of the lungs),

AIDS HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system. If untreated, a person’s immune system will eventually be completely destroyed. AIDS refers to a set of symptoms and illnesses that occur at the very final stage of HIV infection.

When you are poor.. You have no or very little access to education You have no knowledge of how diseases are transmitted You have no or very little access to hospitals You have no access to skilled jobs which give you a better salary Add one impact

Answer Questions page 77