5th Semester Classes on Infectious Diseases, 8-9AM, Thursdays (LT-4) Topics Date Approach to Infectious Diseases and their prevention 04/Jul/17 Community-Acquired Infections 27/ Jul /17 Health Care–Associated Infections 03/ Aug/17 Gram-Positive Bacteria 10/ Aug/17 Gram-Negative Bacteria 17/Aug/17 Spirochetal Diseases 24/ Aug /17 Diseases Caused by Atypical Bacterial Infections 31/ Aug /17 Infections Due to DNA Viruses 07/ Sep/17 Infections Due to RNA Viruses 14/Sep/17 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: AIDS and Related Disorders 21/Sep/17 Fungal Infections 28/Sep/17 Protozoal Infections 05/Oct/17 Helminthic Infections 12/Oct/17 Dr. P. K. Panda, Asst. Professor Department of Medicine AIIMS, Rishikesh

Pneumonia An infection of the pulmonary parenchyma Previously classified as community-acquired (CAP), hospital-acquired (HAP), or ventilator-associated (VAP) Recently, CAP and health care–associated pneumonia (HCAP) CURB-65 criteria for prognosis and determining hospital admission: confusion (C); urea >7 mmol/L (U); respiratory rate ≥30/min (R); blood pressure, systolic ≤90 mmHg or diastolic ≤60 mmHg (B); and age ≥65 years

Lung Abscess A necrosis and cavitation of the lung following microbial infection Characterized as either primary (~80% of cases) or secondary Can be acute (<4–6 weeks in duration) or chronic (~40% of cases)

Infective Endocarditis The prototypic lesion of infective endocarditis, the vegetation, is a mass of platelets, fibrin, microcolonies of microorganisms, and scant inflammatory cells Can be classified according to the temporal evolution of disease, the site of infection, the cause of infection, or the predisposing risk factor (e.g., injection drug use)

Infectious Arthritis

an infection of bone, can be caused by various microorganisms that arrive at bone through different routes Any of three mechanisms can underlie osteomyelitis: (1) Hematogenous spread; (2) spread from a contiguous site following surgery; (3) secondary infection in the setting of vascular insufficiency or concomitant neuropathy

Intraabdominal infections occur in two stages: peritonitis and—if the patient survives this stage and goes untreated—abscess formation Peritonitis is either primary (without an apparent source of contamination) or secondary Abscess can be intraabdominal OR Visceral abscesses

Thank you Next Class Health Care–Associated Infections 03/ Aug/17