WARM UP DRAW a diagram of the circuit you made in your notebook. Show the direction of energy flow in the circuit from battery to bulb. Describe in detail how you made the circuit and how you know it works. Must be more that 2 sentences.

Electric Charge

What is Electric Charge? QUICK WRITE: For 2 minutes, write in your IAN explaining where electric charges come from and why. Rules - You MUST write for the entire time, even if you write the exact same thing over and over again!

What is Electric Charge? Protons = ______ Charge Electrons = _________ Charge Neutrons =__________ Charge When Protons = Electrons, atoms are said to be ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL (no net charge) Proton = + Electrons = - Neutrons = no charge

Conductors and Insulators Conductors – objects in which electrical current easily passes through such as metals Insulators – objects that resist the flow of electrical current such as plastic, wood, paper, and rubber

Where is the conductor in this picture? How do you know? Conductors Where is the conductor in this picture? How do you know?

Where is the insulator in this picture? How do you know? Insulators Where is the insulator in this picture? How do you know?

The flow of ELECTRONS through a conductor. WHAT IS ELECTRICITY? The flow of ELECTRONS through a conductor.

What is the Force between Electric Charges? Electric Force! Causes of Force Distance between the charges Amount of charge OPPOSITE charges attract and LIKE charges repel!

Electric charge (q) SI Unit of charge is the Coulomb [C]

Balloon Demo! What do these two pictures have in common? Talk with your partner for 30 seconds and BE PREPARED TO SHARE!

STATIC ELECTRICITY The accumulation of excess electric charge. (not balanced) Ex. Lightning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-w-GoSJpvdw

Electric force vs Gravitational Force strength Quick Write: Which is stronger electric force or gravitational force? How do you know? Defend your choice. Share your choice with the class! At the atomic level the electric force is stronger. Notice the path of the water is changed by the electrical charge.

Electric force vs Gravitational Force strength Let’s find out! https://youtu.be/HpIJ3cZURpQ

ANSWER The correct answer should be the Electric Force! Why? Because like you witnessed in the video the electric force can overcome the gravitational pull of the Earth; and the Strong Electric Force is responsible for holding together the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. An atom’s nucleus can only be split by nuclear fusion, which cannot be done on Earth and gravity can’t do this!

QUESTION 1: Which of the following objects is a good conductor? A. Water B. Rope C. Copper D. Plastic

QUESTION 2: Which type of force is strongest? A. Gravitational force B. Electrical Force

QUESTION 3: Which of the following balloon configurations depict the correct charges of the balloon and wall?

QUESTION 5: The imbalance of an electrical charge is also known as: A. Charged electricity B. Static Electricity C. Contact Electricity D. Negative Electricity

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

What is this a picture of? - +

What is electric current? Electric Current (I) - the flow of electrons from the (+) terminal to the (-) terminal of a cell/battery through wires and components - +

Electric Field Electric Field – when the electrons of a current are in motion, lines of electric force rotate around the electron, or between two charges.

Open and Closed Circuits Open circuit = switch is open = no current is flowing = bulb does not light Closed circuit = switch is closed = current is flowing = bulb lights up

Circuit Diagram & Symbols Cell/Battery Resistor Light Bulb Light Bulb Resistor Wires Switch

Types of Circuits Series Circuit – current takes only one path and is the same at each point. (One Wire connects ALL)

Series Circuits If one bulb blows out, it breaks the circuit and all the bulbs go out If you add more cells/batteries to a series circuit, the bulbs burn brighter

Types of Circuits Parallel Circuits – current takes more than one path and is NOT the same at each point. (Multiple Wires)

Parallel Circuits If one bulb blows out, there is still another complete circuit for the other bulb to stay lit

Draw these circuits in your Notebook Draw these circuits in your Notebook. Label each one as either Series or Parallel. A – Parallel B – Series

Conductor or Insulator?

Brighter or Dimmer? Dimmer

Series or Parallel? Series

Brighter or Dimmer? Brighter

Series or Parallel? Parallel

Series or Parallel? Series

Series or Parallel? Parallel