EAD 765 Profa.Adriana Marotti Life Cycle Assessment EAD 765 Profa.Adriana Marotti

Life Cycle Assesment https://youtu.be/cYOC8_jJcII Broad and Integrated environmental evaluation for all steps of the life of a product Raw Material Extraction Composition Processing Energy Consumption Waste Management

Life Cycle Assesment Includes: Scope: Aim of the study and boundaries definition Example: http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,alcool-polui-tanto-quanto-gasolina-mostra-estudo,435806 Inventory: Quantity and types of raw material Energy H20 Waste and Emission Impacts trough Life Cycle Production, Distribution, Use and Disposal Impact Valuation Improvement Opportunites

LCA - Application Product development Technology Selection Product life steps with higher impacts Relevant enviromental indicatiors selection for project management Product and Processes design/re-design

Life Cycle Assesment Exemplo: Comparison between typs of Light Bulbs – Incandescent / Compact (flourescent) Softwares OpenLCA http://www.openlca.org/ Database: http://acv.ibict.br/ Consultancy : http://enciclo.com.br

LCA – Example – Washing Machine

LCA – Light Bulbs

Adriana Marotti de Mello – USP 24 th International Colloquium of Gerpisa - 2016 Ecodesign Practices in Heavyweight Vehicle Development – A Case Study of the Impact of the Euro 5 emissions standard on the Brazilian Industry Gabriela Scur – FEI Adriana Marotti de Mello – USP Lilian Schreiner - USP

Agenda Intrduction Conceptual Basis Research Method Results Objectives / Research Questions Conceptual Basis Ecodesign Ecodesign and Automotive Industry Environmental impact of the truck industry Research Method Results Conclusions

Introduction Automotive industry – submited to high pressures regarding emisssions/fuel consumption Trucks in Brazil – high impact on air quality Trucks /buses are main transportation mode for people/goods Main responsible for poor air quality in cities

Introduction Proconve 7 (Control Program for motor vehicle-based air pollution ): adoption of Euro 5 Standards – 2012 Demanded efforts all over the supply chain: Truck design Engines design Diesel quality (reduction of sulfur levels from 1800-500-50) Arla 32 (urea) /distribution

Introduction High pressure injection pump Eletronic module Eletronic module with OBD Turbo and intercooler Ultra high pressure electronic injection Exhaust system with SCR with urea or EGR

Objectives / Research Questions How are ecodesign practices embedded in the product development process of a truck automaker ?

Ecodesign The basic activities of ecodesign : Design for reducing or eliminating environmentally hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, chromium, and cadmium Design for reuse Design for recycling Design for remanufacturing Design for resource efficiency

Environmental impact of the truck industry

Method Case study OEM – Traditional commercial vehicles and trucks manufacturer in Brazil Diesel Engines producer, supplier and co-developer of Euro V project Product Engineer and Environmental Managers in both companies

Results

Conclusions Role of OEM is fundamental – supplier “follows the rules” Main motivation – Governmental rules. Market initially rejected the product – higher price Ecological appeal is still very limited with regard to the motivation for the purchase of trucks Regulations/Incentives are mandatory in order to make ecodesign actually works, specially in commercial vehicles segment