RESPIRATION Chapter 9 VOCAB REVIEW

Alcoholic fermentation Type of fermentation used to make bread dough rise and make beer and wine Alcoholic fermentation Unit used to measure energy in food Calorie

Lactic acid fermentation Type of fermentation used to make foods like yogurt and cheese. (Humans do this too!) Lactic acid fermentation

First step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid glycolysis Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen Fermentation Part of cellular respiration in which high energy NADH and FADH2 are used to make ATP Electron transport chain

Second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide Krebs cycle Carbohydrate with the chemical formula C6H12O6 used as a source of energy in living things glucose

Pyruvic acid (pyruvate) Molecule containing three carbons that is formed when glucose breaks apart during glycolysis, the first part of cellular respiration Pyruvic acid (pyruvate) Molecule formed from pyruvic acid that accumulates in muscles during exercise when oxygen is not available Lactic acid

NAD+ and FAD ANAEROBIC Electron carriers involved in glycolysis Means : ’’not in air’’ ; process that does NOT require oxygen ANAEROBIC

AEROBIC creatine Natural substance found in muscles that process that requires oxygen AEROBIC Natural substance found in muscles that add P’s to ATP that is used as a food supplement to increase muscle strength creatine

6 carbon molecule that is the first formed during the Krebs cycle made Co-enzyme helper that reacts with pyruvic acid to form Actyl-CoA before it enters the Krebs cycle CoA 6 carbon molecule that is the first formed during the Krebs cycle made by joining the acetyl group from Acetyl-CoA to a 4 carbon molecule Citric acid

Molecule that acts as an energy carrier in all cells ATP Enzyme which adds a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP ATP synthase