Colonial America: British Folkways Form the Cultural Foundation

What the British Found Vast Land Climate and resources Continuous frontier

What the British Brought The political and legal system The class system Cultural traits Land organization

Albion’s Seed Folkways—cultural patterns of customs, mores, manners, usages, & morals Four distinct British cultures: the Virginians the Puritans the Quakers the Scots-Irish

The Virginians: An Empire Built on Smoke 1642-1675

Jamestown1607

John White’s Depiction of Native American Indians

The Puritans 1629-1641

The Quakers 1675-1725

The Scots-Irish 1717-1775

Colonial Expansion & Conflict 17th & 18th Centuries

Colonial Economic Development & Slavery New England and Mid-colonies economies Southern plantation economy Establishment of slavery The slave trade Adoption of slavery in the colonies The creation of chattel slavery

Colonial Women’s Place Origins of beliefs about gender: morally inferior intellectually inferior naturally inferior Colonial women and English common law Cultural gender folkways

Evangelistic Protestantism: An American Religion Primary Characteristics God & the individual the Written Word Pluralism & absence of clericalism Sense of mission & Protestant work ethic Revivalism: the “born again” experience

Summary 1. 2. 3. 4.

The Political Foundation: Evolution and Revolution “Those who give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.” ---Benjamin Franklin

The Roots of American Independence The English Civil War & the Glorious Revolution Colonial expansion: population, migration, the consumer revolution, & colonial government The Great Awakening & Enlightenment ideals The French & Indian (Seven Years) War & Pontiac’s War

Mid-18th c. Colonial Trade

Allies & Enemies: the French the Indians the British the Americans

The British Imperial Crisis: The End of “salutary neglect”

The American-British Conflict The essential issue of sovereignty New taxes for government revenues Admiralty courts, navy inspections & writs of assistance (search warrants) British army in colonial cities Prohibition of colonial paper money Favoritism in the tea trade

The American Response The Stamp Act & the Sons of Liberty Forms of protest & opposition The Continental Congresses Common Sense The Declaration of Independence

The American Revolution, 1775-1782

“We have it in our power to begin the world over again “We have it in our power to begin the world over again.”---Thomas Paine The creation of a new country’s government State constitutions Republicanism Natural rights Limited government

The Articles of Confederation

Western Land Claims by the States

Essential Achievements of the Revolutionary Generation Won war for colonial independence Established of 1st nation-sized republic Created the 1st completely secular state Placed sovereignty in multiple sources of authority (state and national governments—federalism) Created political parties as institutions to channel ongoing debate and political conflict Reconciled sovereignty of the individual and sovereignty of the collective, “the people”

Summary 1. 2. 3. 4.