1 THE RISE OF THE EMPIRE OF ISLAM

The Birth of Islam 2 In 613 CE, Muhammad began to preach in Mecca. He claimed that an angel spoke to him and made him a prophet. He taught that there was only one god and the Arabian people should stop worshipping idols and pagan gods and submit to Allah (God). In 622 CE, Muhammad, left Mecca and took his message to Medina, where he converted many people. His followers were called Muslims. This move to Medina is called the hegira, or journey.

The Spread of Islam 3 Muhammad continued to receive messages from the angel and to preach in Medina. His home became the first mosque and the messages were collected in the Qur’an. Between 622 CE, and the death of Muhammad in 632 CE, the Islamic religion had spread to half of the Arabian Peninsula. After Muhammad’s death, many of his words and deeds were recorded as a guide to the way Muslims should live. This was called the Sunnah. 632 CE

The Spread of Islam 4 Between 632 CE, and 661 CE, the Islamic religion had spread to Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Mesopotamia, Iran, west to Tripoli (Libya), north to the Taurus and Caucasus Mts (Turkey and Georgia) and east to Pakistan. After Muhammad’s death, his successors were called caliphs. There was disagreement over who should lead. This caused a split between the Sunni and Shiites that continues to the present day. 661 CE

The Spread of Islam 5 Battle of Tours By 732 CE, the Muslim Empire had spread across all of North Africa and into Spain in the west. Further Muslim conquest was stopped at the Battle of Tours, in western France. To the east, the Muslim Empire spread across the Indus River and into western India. 732 CE

Islam Today 6 There are over 1.6 Billion Muslims in the world today , including about 7 million in the USA. Muslims make up the majority of North Africa, the Middle East, and South East Asia. Islam is the state religion in 26 nations. Muslim Populations

7 Assignment: You will be assigned a slide – either slide # 2, 3, 4, or 5. For your slide you will: Create two slides to follow your assigned slide. Call them 2a +2b, for example. On slide a: - define or identify all terms, places or people. (Maximum of 3 -4) - find a picture to represent each term, place or person. 3. On slide b: - research and explain in detail the growth of the Islamic Empire during that time period. -Read each bullet point and ask questions about it. Then answer those questions. - use a picture to illustrate each of your explanations. 4. An example based on slide #6 follows.

Slide 6a State religion – the officially recognized religion of a particular nation.

Slide 6b Islam is the state Muslims make up There are over 1.6 Billion Muslims in the world today, including about 7 million in the USA. Muslims make up the majority of North Africa, the Middle East, Islam is the state religion in 26 nations. Afghanistan Maldives Algeria Malaysia Bangladesh Mauritania Bahrain Morocco Brunei Oman Comoros Pakistan Egypt Qatar Indonesia Saudi Arabia Iran Somalia Iraq Tunisia Jordan United Arab Kuwait Emirates Libya Yemen and South East Asia.

Next Steps Analyze your assigned slide: Circle the words you think your group needs to define for the class. Limit this to 3 – 4 words. 2. Ask a question about each bullet point on the slide. Think about questions you believe your classmates will have about the topic. Write your questions in the margins of the handout. 3. Each person in the group must have these notations done in order to proceed to the laptop station to begin creating your slides.