Chapter 8 Personal Hygiene and Basic Healthcare Lesson 8.1 Taking Care of Your Skin, Hair, and Nails Lesson 8.2 Common Skin Problems Lesson 8.3 Keeping Your Mouth, Eyes, and Ears Healthy

Taking Care of Your Skin, Hair, and Nails Lesson 8.1 Taking Care of Your Skin, Hair, and Nails

Warm-Up Personal Hygiene and Health How is personal hygiene related to good health? Give one example of a disease or disorder related to poor personal hygiene. thinkstock.com/Digital Vision/Digital Vision

Your Skin The skin plays a very important role in keeping you healthy Protects everything inside the body Serves as a barrier for keeping out bacteria and viruses Helps regulate body temperature shutterstock.com/g-stockstudio

Anatomy of the Skin The skin is the largest organ in the body The skin consists of three layers Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis Body Scientific International, LLC

Body Odor Your sweat glands produce perspiration, or sweat Sweat can have a strong odor Bathe daily and use deodorant to control body odor shutterstock.com/gpointstudio

Hair Teenagers may experience hair problems Oily hair Dandruff Some teenagers become infected with lice Lice are easily transmitted from one person to another shutterstock.com/PathDoc

What are some strategies you can use to keep your hair healthy and looking good? Wash your hair regularly to keep it clean Eat a healthful diet Use a medicated shampoo if you have dandruff Avoid sharing combs with others Treat your hair and clothing or bedding if you get lice

Nails Healthy nails are smooth, free of spots, and consistent in color Always keep your nails dry and clean Trim your nails regularly Moisturize your hands regularly, including your fingernails and cuticles shutterstock.com/Dennis Jacobsen

Lesson 8.2 Common Skin Problems

Click here for the “Formation of a Pimple” animation Acne Acne is a skin disease that causes pimples Pimples are created when pores in the skin become clogged with oil Oil and bacteria can leak into the skin, which causes infection and inflammation Most teenagers suffer from acne at some point Click here for the “Formation of a Pimple” animation shutterstock.com/Jorg Hackemann

Critical Thinking Acne At some point, most teenagers get acne. Is there anything you can do to prevent acne breakouts and help them clear up quickly when they do occur? Give some examples. shutterstock.com/Blend Images

Eczema A skin condition characterized by patches of red, itchy, dry, or swollen skin Flare-ups can be triggered by colds or other minor illnesses, as well as irritating substances shutterstock.com/Image Point Fr

Skin Cancer Most cases of skin cancer are caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light This invisible radiation comes from the sun, tanning beds, and sunlamps shutterstock.com/alicedaniel

Nothing can be done to prevent sunburns. Myth or Fact? Nothing can be done to prevent sunburns. MYTH Fact: The simplest way to protect yourself is to stay out of the sun whenever possible. Fact: You can wear clothing that protects any exposed skin. Fact: You can wear sunscreen, which protects the skin by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering UV light.

Body Art Permanent skin decorations are called body art Tattoos are designs on the skin made by inserting colored ink under the skin Body piercing involves making a hole in the skin in which jewelry can be worn thinkstock.com/iStock/dmitryzubarev

Related Health Problems Needles used for piercings and tattoos can spread infections Some people can have an allergic reaction to tattoo ink or jewelry worn in a pierced area Think carefully before getting a tattoo or a piercing Consider whether a piercing or a tattoo may have long-term consequences for jobs or relationships

Keeping Your Mouth, Eyes, and Ears Healthy Lesson 8.3 Keeping Your Mouth, Eyes, and Ears Healthy

Oral Cavity The first area of your mouth is called the oral cavity The mouth includes the lips, teeth, and tongue A primary function of the mouth is to take in and chew food shutterstock.com/Phoric

Understanding Teeth Teeth consist of three distinct parts The crown is the visible portion of the tooth The neck connects the crown to the root of the tooth The root contains blood vessels and nerve endings Body Scientific International, LLC

A normal adult mouth contains 32 teeth. What are the different types of teeth called? Incisors Canines Premolars Molars Wisdom teeth thinkstock.com/Fuse

Common Mouth Problems Many people experience problems with their mouths Tooth decay and cavities Gum disease Cold sores Teeth misalignment Bad breath shutterstock.com/videnko

Critical Thinking Preventing Mouth Problems What are strategies you can use to prevent some of the most common teeth and mouth problems? shutterstock.com/Djomas

Eyes The eye is a complex structure that receives and focuses light for your brain to interpret. Body Scientific International, LLC

Common Vision Problems Some people have vision problems Nearsightedness Farsightedness Astigmatism Presbyopia These problems can usually be corrected with glasses or surgery shutterstock.com/Syda Productions

Critical Thinking Protecting Your Eyes What are simple strategies you can use to keep your eyes as healthy as possible throughout your lifetime? shutterstock.com/PhotoSky

Ears The ear receives sound as a series of vibrations, which are interpreted by the brain Your ears also play a role in helping you keep your balance shutterstock.com/Maridav

Parts of the Ear The ear has three main parts The pinna (outer ear) helps bring sounds into the ear, where they enter the ear canal The middle ear includes the eardrum and three small bones—the hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup The inner ear includes the cochlea, which is a spiral tube, and converts sound vibrations into neural impulses The inner ear also includes the semicircular canals, which are filled with fluid and help with balance

Common Hearing Problems The most serious problem associated with the ears is permanent loss of hearing Ear damage is often due to repeated exposure to very loud sounds Hearing loss can also be caused by a ruptured eardrum shutterstock.com/Aaron Amat

Signs of Hearing Damage Early signs of hearing damage include Difficulty hearing relatively soft sounds Difficulty understanding speech during telephone conversations Pain or ringing in the ears shutterstock.com/Dragon Images

Critical Thinking Protecting Your Hearing What are some ways to protect against hearing loss? What can you do at home or in the workplace to protect your hearing? shutterstock.com/Air Images