Nixon’s Foreign Policy: The Middle East Ch. 31 Sec. 1 Pp. 899-900

The Middle East Nixon wanted to keep world stability without being involved in regional disputes Did not want another Vietnam U.S. would help, but not take responsibility for their future Nixon and Sadat in Cairo

Arab-Israeli Tensions Israel and Arabs fought in 1948, 1956, and 1967 Israel gained West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, and Sinai Peninsula Arab refugees increased Thousands of Palestinians now live in Israeli-held territory

Yom Kippur War Oct. 1973 – Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on a major holiday U.S. pressured Israel into a cease-fire Arab nations imposed an embargo (ban on all shipments) of oil to U.S.

Shuttle Diplomacy Nixon sent Kissinger to negotiate between the Arabs and Israelis Shuttle diplomacy – traveling back and forth between capitals 1974 – Golda Meir and Anwar el-Sadat reached agreements Persuaded Arab nations to end oil embargo Improved relations with Egypt with promise of foreign aid Rabin and Kissinger

Latin America Wanted to prevent the spread of communism Allende elected president of Chile. He was a follower of Marx (communism), so the U.S. protested CIA backed small group of Chilean military leaders under Gen. Pinochet and they overthrew the government and set up a dictatorship Allende Pinochet