Unit Conversion.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit Conversion

Matching Units Conversion between units must be of the same type. Length conversion: 1 in = 2.54 cm Time conversion: 1 hr = 3.6 x 103 s No conversion between different types of units. 1 in is not equivalent to some seconds

Conversion Factors A value is converted by applying the ratio of the conversion factors. How many inches in 50. cm? 50. cm (1 in / 2.54 cm) = (50. / 2.54) in = 20. in Many conversion factors use scientific notation. How many seconds in a year? 1 yr (365 d/yr) (24 hr/d) (3.6 x 103 s/hr) = 31500 x 103 s = 3.15 x 107 s

Orders of Magnitude What is bigger? A) DeKalb compared to you. B) The earth compared to DeKalb. C) Our galaxy compared to the solar system. D) Universe compared to our galaxy.

Human Lengths You Lecture Hall Faraday West NIU 5’9” = 1.75 m = 2 x 100 m 14 m = 1.4 x 101 m 80 m = 0.8 x 102 m 2000 m = 2.0 x 103 m = 2.0 km

Map Lengths Huskie Stadium DeKalb City DeKalb County Illinois United States 100 m = 102 m 5000 m = 5 km = 5 x 103 m 30,000 m = 30 km = 3 x 104 m 400 km = 4 x 105 m 5000 km = 5 x 106 m = 5 Mm mapquest uses scaling factors, about two steps per order of magnitude

Planetary Lengths Earth Earth and Moon Earth to the Sun 13,000 km = 1.3 x 107 m 384,000 km = 4 x 108 m 150,000,000 km = 1.5 x 1011 m This is 1 Astronomical Unit (1 AU)

Solar-system Lengths Earth to the Sun Solar System 1 AU = 1.5 x 1011 m 8 light-minutes 500 AU = 0.8 x 1014 m 3 light-days

Galactic Lengths Nearest Star Milky Way Universe 300,000 AU = 4 x 1016 m 4.3 light-years = 4.3 ly 100,000 ly = 1021 m 15,000,000,000 ly = 1.5 x 1026 m

How Big? A) DeKalb compared to you. (103) B) The earth compared to DeKalb. (103) C) Our galaxy compared to the solar system. (107) D) Universe compared to our galaxy. (105) next