Chapter 2 The Living Planet.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2 The Living Planet

Nate Bargatze “Science”

Continental Drift (AKA Pangaea) Earth was once a supercontinent that divided and slowly drifted apart over millions of years A GIANT PUZZLE

Section 2: Water/Landforms Water covers 71% of the planet Only 1% of the water is actually usable by humans 4 Major Oceans: Pacific Atlantic Indian Arctic

Ocean Motion Currents: like rivers flowing through the ocean Waves: swells/ ridges produced by wind Tides: regular rises and falls of ocean created by gravitation pull of the moon and sun

“the place where the water comes from” Lakes hold more than 95% of all fresh water supply on earth. Drainage basin: area of land that contributes water to a stream or river- “the place where the water comes from” Lake Baikal in Russia: Freshwater Great Salt Lake

Landforms Definition: any natural formation of rock or dirt

SECTION 3: Internal forces Plate Tectonics: giant moving pieces of the earth’s lithosphere(crust) Plates move= reshaping the earth

4 ways of movement:

3 types of boundaries

Examples of 3 boundaries Divergent: Saudi Arabia and Eygpt spreading making Red Sea even wider Convergent: Himalayas are growing in India Transform: San Andreas Fault

Fault: a fracture in the earth’s crust Fault Line: where two plates move past each other

Earthquakes Earthquake: violent movement of the earth caused by moving plate tectonics Seismograph: device that measures the size of the waves created by an earthquake Epicenter: point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus point Richter Scale: measures the strength of an earthquake (7.0, 9.9) Tsunami: a giant wave in the ocean caused by an earthquake

Haiti Earthquake: January 12, 2010, 7.0 , 316,000 killed

Nepal Earthquake: April 25, 2015, 7. 9-8 Nepal Earthquake: April 25, 2015, 7.9-8.1, 9,000 killed (23,000 injured)

Laupahoehoe Harbor, Hawaii Tsunami hit April 1, 1946 159 people died (21 schoolchildren and 3 teachers) 200 ft of ocean floor exposed

Volcano Volcano: a mountain or hill that allows lava, rocks and gas to escape from earth. Lava: magma that has reached the earth’s surface Ring of Fire: a zone around the rim of the Pacific Ocean where a majority of active volcanoes are found (Pg 37)

Mona Loa -World’s largest active volcano

Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii - One of the world’s most active volcanoes

External Forces (Outside) Weathering: rocks breaks apart Done by: water, plants, animals Erosion: the broken rocks are moved around Done by: rain, rivers, glaciers, wind