Bellringer Download today’s notes: Russian Revolution Notes Answer the following question: “Peace, Land, Bread!” This was the slogan used by the leaders of the Russian Revolution in 1917. 1. What do you think this slogan meant? 2. What does this indicate about Russia at that time?

During the course of WWI, Russia ________ before the war was over because of a revolution at home. Russia emerged from their revolution as the world’s first ________ state.

Background to the Russian Revolution Russia was militarily and technologically ________ to fight in WWI Lacked competent leaders and industry to produce ________ Massive losses in war Czar Nicholas II (The Last Czar of ________) was a weak and harsh ruler Cut off from what was going on with the government as he led Russia in the war Wife, Alexandria, made important government decisions based on the advice of Grigory ________, a mystic “holy man”

Czar Nicholas II and Family

Rasputin

Rasputin with Admirers

Background to the Revolution The people became more and more upset with the royal family as they suffered war ________ War became very unpopular Rationing food led to ________ of the Russian people Assassinated ________ in December 1916 Attempted to be poisoned, then was shot three times, tied up and thrown into the river Rumored that he untied the knots before he drowned!

March Revolution (1917) ________ spread throughout the capital (Petrograd) as women revolted over ________ rations and workers went on strike A provisional government was set up and the Czar was forced to step down Aleksandar ________, the leader of the temporary government, kept the war going to preserve Russian honor The new government then became unpopular because the people were sick of war! Meanwhile, the ________ (Russian councils made up of representatives from the workers and soldiers, many radical socialists) were spreading

October (Bolshevik) Revolution (1917) ________ (radicals who wanted violent revolution) began to grow under the leadership of V.I. ________ Wanted an end to ________ “Peace, Land, and ________”, “Worker Control of ________”, “All Power to the Soviets” Used the soviets to ________ the provisional government Lenin outwardly turned over power to the soviets, but really he became the new head of government, and the party renamed themselves “________” Became the world’s ________ socialist state and Lenin intended for the revolution to spread

Russia leaves WWI Lenin had promised the people ________, though it would mean the loss of territory Signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with ________ to end the war in 1918 The ________ were worried about the Communist takeover of Russia and many people in Russia were opposed to the new government ________ took place between Red (Communist) and White (Anti-Communist) forces ________ won because of well-disciplined army, no common goals among White forces, war communism, Red secret police and the Red Terror’s fear tactics, and nationalism

Outcome By 1921, ________ had total command Communism is a form of socialism where all property is publically owned, everyone works, and production is distributed based on need ________ became known as the United Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) Centralized state ruled by a ________ party Hostile to the ________ because the Allies helped the White forces against them

Connect! 1. What things led to the Russian Revolution? 2. Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks and the leader of the new Communist-ruled Russia? 3. Why did Russia withdraw from WWI? 4. Why did the Red Army win the civil war? 5. How were the French and Russian Revolutions similar?

Homework! Quiz Monday over Ch. 14, Lesson 3 and propaganda!