Furman Owens, 12 years old. Can't read. Doesn't know his A,B,C's Furman Owens, 12 years old. Can't read. Doesn't know his A,B,C's. Said, "Yes I want to learn but can't when I work all the time." Been in the mills 4 years, 3 years in the Olympia Mill. Columbia, S.C. FACES

Adolescent girls from Bibb Mfg. Co. in Macon, Georgia FACES

Doffer boys. Macon, Georgia FACES

A general view of spinning room, Cornell Mill. Fall River, Mass

A moments glimpse of the outer world. Said she was 11 years old A moments glimpse of the outer world. Said she was 11 years old. Been working over a year. Rhodes Mfg. Co. Lincolnton, N.C MILL

Some boys and girls were so small they had to climb up on to the spinning frame to mend broken threads and to put back the empty bobbins. Bibb Mill No. 1. Macon, Ga. MILL

Jo Bodeon, a back-roper in the mule room at Chace Cotton Mill Jo Bodeon, a back-roper in the mule room at Chace Cotton Mill. Burlington, Vt. MILL

MILL 51 inches tall One of the spinners in Whitnel Cotton Mill. She was 51 inches high. Has been in the mill one year. Sometimes works at night. Runs 4 sides - 48 cents a day. When asked how old she was, she hesitated, then said, "I don't remember," then added confidentially, "I'm not old enough to work, but do just the same." Out of 50 employees, there were ten children about her size. Whitnel, N.C.

The overseer said apologetically, "She just happened in The overseer said apologetically, "She just happened in." She was working steadily. The mills seem full of youngsters who "just happened in" or "are helping sister." Newberry, S.C. MILL

Newsie A small newsie downtown on a Saturday afternoon. St. Louis, Mo

. A group of newsies selling on Capitol steps. Tony, age 8, Dan, 9, Joseph, 10, and John, age 11. Washington, D.C Newsie

Tony Casale, age 11, been selling 4 years. Sells sometimes until 10 p Tony Casale, age 11, been selling 4 years. Sells sometimes until 10 p.m. His paper told me the boy had shown him the marks on his arm where his father had bitten him for not selling more papers. He (the boy) said, "Drunken men say bad words to us." Hartford, Conn. Newsie

Out after midnight selling extras Out after midnight selling extras. There were many young boys selling very late. Youngest boy in the group is 9 years old. Harry, age 11, Eugene and the rest were a little older. Washington, D.C. Newsie

Michael McNelis, age 8, a newsboy [with photographer Hine] Michael McNelis, age 8, a newsboy [with photographer Hine]. This boy has just recovered from his second attack of pneumonia. Was found selling papers in a big rain storm. Philadelphia, Pa Newsie

Francis Lance, 5 years old, 41 inches high Francis Lance, 5 years old, 41 inches high. He jumps on and off moving trolley cars at the risk of his life. St. Louis, Mo Newsie

At the close of day. Waiting for the cage to go up At the close of day. Waiting for the cage to go up. The cage is entirely open on two sides and not very well protected on the other two, and is usually crowded like this. The small boy in front is Jo Puma. S. Pittston, Pa. Miners

View of the Ewen Breaker of the Pa. Coal Co View of the Ewen Breaker of the Pa. Coal Co. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrated the utmost recesses of the boys' lungs. A kind of slave-driver sometimes stands over the boys, prodding or kicking them into obedience. S. Pittston, Pa Miners

Harley Bruce, a young coupling-boy at Indian Mine Harley Bruce, a young coupling-boy at Indian Mine. He appears to be 12 or 14 years old and says he has been working there about a year. It is hard work and dangerous. Near Jellico, Tenn. Miners

Breaker boys, Hughestown Borough Pa. Coal Co Breaker boys, Hughestown Borough Pa. Coal Co. One of these is James Leonard, another is Stanley Rasmus. Pittston, Pa Miners

A young driver in the Brown mine. Has been driving one year. Works 7 a A young driver in the Brown mine. Has been driving one year. Works 7 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. daily. Brown W. Va Miners

Breaker boys. Smallest is Angelo Ross. Pittston, Pa. Miners

9 p.m. in an Indiana Glass Works Factory

Some of the young knitters in London Hosiery Mills. London, Tenn. Factory

Young cigar makers in Engelhardt & Co. Three boys looked under 14 Young cigar makers in Engelhardt & Co. Three boys looked under 14. Labor leaders told me in busy times many small boys and girls were employed. Youngsters all smoke. Tampa, Fla Factory

Day scene. Wheaton Glass Works. Boy is Howard Lee Day scene. Wheaton Glass Works. Boy is Howard Lee. His mother showed me the family record in Bible which gave his birth as July 15, 1894. 15 years old now, but has been in glass works two years and some nights. Millville, N.J Factory

A boy making melon baskets in a basket factory. Evansville, Ind

Rob Kidd, one of the young workers in a glass factory. Alexandria, Va.

Oyster shuckers working in a canning factory Oyster shuckers working in a canning factory. All but the very smallest babies work. Began work at 3:30 a.m. and expected to work until 5 p.m. The little girl in the center was working. Her mother said she is "a real help to me." Dunbar, La. Seafood

Shrimp pickers, including little 8 year old Max on the right Shrimp pickers, including little 8 year old Max on the right. Biloxi, Miss Seafood

Johnnie, a nine year old oyster shucker Johnnie, a nine year old oyster shucker. Man with pipe behind him is a padrone who has brought these people from Baltimore for four years. He is the boss of the shucking shed. Dunbar, La. Seafood

Manuel the young shrimp picker, age 5, and a mountain of child labor oyster shells behind him. He worked last year. Understands not a word of English. Biloxi, Miss Seafood

Cutting fish in a sardine cannery Cutting fish in a sardine cannery. Large sharp knives are used with a cutting and sometimes chopping motion. The slippery floors and benches and careless bumping into each other increase the liability of accidents. "The salt water gits into the cuts and they ache," said one boy. Eastport, Me Seafood

Hiram Pulk, age 9, working in a canning company Hiram Pulk, age 9, working in a canning company. "I ain't very fast only about 5 boxes a day. They pay about 5 cents a box," he said. Eastport, Me. Seafood

After 9 p.m., 7 year old Tommie Nooman demonstrating the advantages of the Ideal Necktie Form in a store window on Pennsylvania Ave. in Washington, D.C. His father said, "He is the youngest demonstrator in America. Has been doing it for several years from San Francisco, to New York. We stay a month or six weeks in a place. He works at it off and on." Remarks from the by-standers were not having the best effect on Tommie. Salesmen

Joseph Severio, peanut vender, age 11 [seen with photographer Hine] Joseph Severio, peanut vender, age 11 [seen with photographer Hine]. Been pushing a cart 2 years. Out after midnight on May 21, 1910. Ordinarily works 6 hours per day. Works of his own volution. All earnings go to his father. Wilmington, Del Salesmen

A young candy seller in Boston, Mass Salesmen

A Bowery bootblack in New York Jobs

Bowling Alley boys. Many of them work setting pins until past midnight Bowling Alley boys. Many of them work setting pins until past midnight. New Haven, Conn. Jobs

Young boys working for Hickok Lumber Co. Burlington, Vt Jobs

Three young boys with shovels standing in doorway of a Fort Worth & Denver train car. Jobs

Mrs. Battaglia with Tessie, age 12, and Tony, age 7. Mrs Mrs. Battaglia with Tessie, age 12, and Tony, age 7. Mrs. Battaglia works in a garment shop except on Saturdays, when the children sew with her at home. Get 2 or 3 cents a pair finishing men's pants. Said they earn $1 to $1.50 on Saturday. Father disabled and can earn very little. New York City. Struggling

A Jewish family and neighbors working until late at night sewing garters. This happens several nights a week when there is plenty of work. The youngest work until 9 p.m. The others until 11 p.m. or later. On the left is Mary, age 7, and 10 year old Sam, and next to the mother is a 12 year old boy. On the right are Sarah, age 7, next is her 11 year old sister, 13 year old brother. Father is out of work and also helps make garters. New York City Struggling

Picking nuts in dirty basement Picking nuts in dirty basement. The dirtiest imaginable children were pawing over the nuts eating lunch on the table. Mother had a cold and blew her nose frequently (without washing her hands) and the dirty handkerchiefs reposed comfortably on table close to the nuts and nut meats. The father picks now. New York City. Struggling

Teaching the young rider how to start. A common scene in pool rooms. St. Louis, Mo Pastimes

Messengers absorbed in their usual game of poker in the "Den of the terrible nine" (the waiting room for Western Union Messengers, Hartford, Conn.). They play for money. Some lose a whole month's wages in a day and then are afraid to go home. The boy on the right has been a messenger for 4 years. Began at 12 years of age. He works all night now. During an evening's conversation he told me stories about his experiences with prostitutes to whom he carries messages frequently. Hartford, Conn Pastimes

A.D.T. messenger boys. They all smoke. Birmingham, Ala. Pastimes

A group of newsies playing craps in the jail alley at 10 p. m A group of newsies playing craps in the jail alley at 10 p.m. Albany, N.Y. Mid - 11:00 a.m. Newsies at Skeeter's Branch. They were all smoking. St. Louis, MO. Pastimes

11:00 a. m. Newsies at Skeeter's Branch. They were all smoking. St 11:00 a.m. Newsies at Skeeter's Branch. They were all smoking. St. Louis, MO Pastimes

Pastimes Richard Pierce, age 14, a Western Union Telegraph Co. messenger. Nine months in service, works from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. Smokes and visits houses of prostitution. Wilmington, Del.

Getting working papers in New York City Groups

Children on the night shift going to work at 6 p. m Children on the night shift going to work at 6 p.m. on a cold, dark December day. They do not come out again until 6 a.m. When they went home the next morning they were all drenched by a heavy, cold rain and had few or no wraps. Two of the smaller girls with three other sisters work on the night shift and support a big, lazy father who complains he is not well enough to work. He loafs around the country store. The oldest three of these sisters have been in the mill for 7 years, and the two youngest, two years. The latter earns 84 cents a night. Whitnel, N.C Groups

Some of the workers in the Farrand Packing Co. Baltimore, Md. Groups

At 5 p. m. , boys going home from Monougal Glass Works At 5 p.m., boys going home from Monougal Glass Works. One boy remarked, "De place is lousey wid kids." Fairmont, W. Va. Groups

A few of the young workers in the Beaumont Mill. Spartenburg, S.C Groups

Groups