Super-bags: Experimental therapy. Dmitri Popov. PhD (Radiobiology). MD(Russia). intervaccine@gmail.com

Super-bacteria Super-bacteria: Experimental therapy could be part of global strategy.

Super-bags. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is when a microbe evolves to become more or fully resistant to antimicrobials which previously could treat it.  Resistance arises through one of three ways: natural resistance in certain types of bacteria; genetic mutation; or by one species acquiring resistance from another. Resistance can appear spontaneously due to random mutations; or more commonly following gradual buildup over time, and because of misuse of antibiotics or antimicrobials.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Resistant microbes are increasingly difficult to treat, requiring alternative medications or higher doses—which may be more costly or more toxic. Microbes resistant to multiple antimicrobials are called multidrug resistant (MDR); or sometimes superbugs. A few infections are now completely untreatable due to resistance. All classes of microbes develop resistance (fungi, antifungal resistance; viruses, antiviral resistance; protozoa, antiprotozoal resis tance; bacteria,antibiotic resistance).

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. There are multiple national and international monitoring programs for drug-resistant threats. Examples of drug-resistant bacteria included in this program are:  methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus -(MRSA),  vancomycin-resistant S. aureus  - (VRSA),  extended spectrum beta-lactamase  - (ESBL),  vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus - (VRE),  multidrug-resistant A. baumannii - (MRAB) "Biggest Threats - Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance - CDC". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2016-05-05

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. A World Health Organization (WHO) report released April 2014 stated, "this serious threat is no longer a prediction for the future, it is happening right now in every region of the world and has the potential to affect anyone, of any age, in any country. Antibiotic resistance—when bacteria change so antibiotics no longer work in people who need them to treat infections—is now a major threat to public health. The Lancet Infectious Diseases Commission. Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions. Lancet Infect Dis 2013;13: 1057–98.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Respiratory burst (sometimes called oxidative burst) is the rapid release of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide) from different types of cells. Usually it denotes the release of these chemicals from immune cells, e.g., neutrophils and monocytes, as they come into contact with different bacteria or fungi. They are also released from the ovum of higher animals after the ovum has been fertilized. These substances can also be released from plant cells.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Respiratory burst plays an important role in the immune system. It is a crucial reaction that occurs in phagocytes to degrade internalized particles and bacteria. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_burst

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. NADPH oxidase, an enzyme family in the vasculature (in particular, in vascular disease), produces superoxide, which spontaneously recombines with othermolecules to produce reactive free radicals. The superoxide reacts with NO, resulting in the formation of peroxynitrite, reducing the bioactive NO needed to dilate terminal arterioles and feed arteries and resistance arteries. Superoxide anion, peroxynitrite, and other reactive oxygen species also lead to pathology via peroxidation of proteins and lipids, and via activation of redox-sensitive signaling cascades and protein nitrosylation. NADPH oxidase activation has been suggested to depend on prior PKC activation

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Myeloperoxidase uses the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide to produce hypochlorous acid. Many vascular stimuli, including all those known to lead to insulin resistance, activate NADPH oxidase via both increased gene expression and complex activation mechanisms. To combat infections, immune cells use NADPH oxidase to reduce O2 to oxygen free radical and then H2O2. Neutrophils and monocytes utilize myeloperoxidase to further combine H2O2 with Cl− to produce hypochlorite, which plays a role in destroying bacteria. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_burst

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Hypochlorite experimental therapy for Plaque, for Ebola. http://www.slideshare.net/dlpopov/ebola-treatment http://www.slideshare.net/dlpopov/yersinia-pestis-41894651 Reference to image https://www.google.ca/search?q=super+bacteria+image&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=667&tbm=isch&imgil=HF meNNinMvBpOM%253A%253BLYz3Vt_kbnlqRM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.sgh.com.sg%25 252Fabout-us%25252Fnewsroom%25252FNews-Articles- Reports%25252FPages%25252FHospitalsfindwaystocurbsuperbacteria.aspx&source=iu&pf=m&fir=HFmeNNi nMvBpOM%253A%252CLYz3Vt_kbnlqRM%252C_&usg=__AnyhMJw6hz2Z3thb7pa16f2SuFs%3D&ved=0ahU KEwi0j42xiKPNAhUp34MKHRuqBRMQyjcINQ&ei=2aJdV_S-Hqm-jwSb1JaYAQ#imgrc=tbecXSTVsz-_AM%3A

Super-bacteria. Super-bag.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. In chemistry, hypochlorite is an ion composed of chlorine and oxygen, with the chemical formula ClO−. It can combine with a number of counter ions to form hypochlorites, which may also be regarded as the salts of hypochlorous acid. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and calcium hypochlorite.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Anolyte. • Chlorine-containing agents are the most commonly used disinfectants in medical facilities, as they possess a wide range of anti-microbe activity and swift action ability. Decontamination • effect being the same, preference shall be given to disinfectants that are cheap, safe for medical • stuff and have no harmful influence on the environment. A.A. Solovyov, et al. • Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Treatment with I/V Anolyte, Sodium Hypochlorite. • Early supportive care with rehydration, symptomatic treatment improves survival. There is as yet no licensed treatment proven to neutralize the virus but a range of blood, immunological and drug therapies are under development. / WHO/.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. The Original Method of Viral Ebola Treatment with I/V Anolyte, Sodium Hypochlorite. • Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the formula NaClO. It is composed of a sodium cation (Na+) and a hypochlorite anion (ClO−); it may also be viewed as the sodium salt of hypochlorous acid.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Equipment: Mobile and Industrial. Cost effective, Simple, Effective Therapy. http://iadt.siemens.ru/assets/files/news/OSEC.pdf http://www.niitop.ru/site.aspx?IID=2139510&SECTIONID=2074568

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. A new effective method of antiviral treatment of acute and chronic viral hepatitis B and C and against other viral diseases was used in medical practice in hospitals. Researchers show this method as effective method against severe viral infections, warfare, and outbreak infections, Biological warfare, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. (Разрешение Фармкомитета МЗ СССР N 418 от 13.04.91). Approved by National Pharmaceutical Department. Ministry of Public Health. Russia. For I/V administration.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. Recommended dose for I/V administration could be reduced and diluted. Sodium hypochlorite as a part of general medical management – I/V infusion, 300 mg/l. Infusions provided every 24 hours. 10-20 infusions, 400 ml. Experiments show significant effectiveness even at 30 mg /l for I/V admistration.

Super-bacteria. Super-bag. 1. This method recommended for patients with bacteria resistant to antibiotics and immuno-compromised patients.