Minhaj University, Lahore. INFORMETRICS Prepared by Syed Aamir Abbas & Naimatullah Shah MPhil Students Semester-I (2012-14) Minhaj University, Lahore.

CONTENTS Informetrics : a wider scale application and Measures Informertrics CONTENTS Introduction Definition Informetrics : a wider scale application and Measures Aspects of Informetrics Informetrics used to / applied to Interdisciplinary Research Field Informetric Law’s Offers New Possibilities for LIS Professionals Becoming a Scientific Discipline Extensions / Distribution of Informetrics References  Introduction to Informetrics: quantitative methods in library, documentation and information science / by Leo Egghe and Ronlad Rousseau.- New York: Elsvier, 1990.  http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_i.aspx#informetrics --> http://www.powershow.com/view1/213056-YmMyY/Informetrics_and_IR_powerpoint_ppt_presentation

Informertrics Introduction There is no measurement (i.e meaningful data) without theory and no theory without data. The term “informetrics (Informetrie “German term”) was introduced by Blackert and Siegel (1979) and by Nacke (1979), to cover that part of information science dealing with the measurement of information phenomena and the application of mathematical methods to the discipline’s problems.  Introduction to Informetrics: quantitative methods in library, documentation and information science / by Leo Egghe and Ronlad Rousseau.- New York: Elsvier, 1990.  http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_i.aspx#informetrics --> http://www.powershow.com/view1/213056-YmMyY/Informetrics_and_IR_powerpoint_ppt_presentation

Informertrics Introduction Informetrics was adopted in 1987-88 as the short title for the published conference proceedings.  Informetrics is an emerging subfield in Information Science, based on the combination of quantitative studies of information flows, and advanced information retrieval and texts, and data mining. Introduction to Informetrics: quantitative methods in library, documentation and information science / by Leo Egghe and Ronlad Rousseau.- New York: Elsvier, 1990.  International Encyclopedia of information and library science/edited by John Feather and Paul Sturges. – 2nd ed.- New York: Routledge, 2003. pp.319-320. http://www.netugc.com/librametric-bibliometric-scientometrics-informetrics

Definition of Informetrics Informertrics Definition of Informetrics The use of mathematical and statistical methods in research related to libraries, documentation and information.  Introduction to Informetrics: quantitative methods in library, documentation and information science / by Leo Egghe and Ronlad Rousseau.- New York: Elsvier, 1990.

Informetrics : a wider scale application and Measures Informertrics Informetrics : a wider scale application and Measures Wider scale application of methods to networked information sources. Measures of: . Subject & content Area . Relationships . Use and Popularity  Introduction to Informetrics: quantitative methods in library, documentation and information science / by Leo Egghe and Ronlad Rousseau.- New York: Elsvier, 1990.

Aspects of Informetrics Informertrics Aspects of Informetrics Informetrics is the study of quantitative aspects of information.  This includes : 1) Production 2) Dissemination 3) Use of all forms of information, regardless of its form or origin.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informetrics

INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: Informertrics INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: Informetrics is used in or applied to: Library Management The Sociology of Science The History of Science Science Policy Information Retrieval Beneficial for other fields between: Biometrics. Econometrics. Chemometrics. Quantitative Linguistics and so on.  Introduction to Informetrics: quantitative methods in library, documentation and information science / by Leo Egghe and Ronlad Rousseau.- New York: Elsvier, 1990. Moreover, we feel that a real interaction between informetrics and biometrics, econometrics, Quantitative linguistics and so on would be very beneficial for all fields involved.

INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] Informertrics INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] LIBRARY MANAGEMENT Library management is a sub-discipline of institutional management that focuses on specific issues faced by libraries. Library management involves functions such as Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling. Planning is about systematically making decisions about the library goals. Organizing is about assembling and coordinating human, financial, physical, informational, and other resources needed to achieve library goals. Leading is about functions that involve efforts on the part of the librarian to stimulate high performance by employees. Controlling about monitoring various library operations and services. These four management functions are highly integrated.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_management.  Managing a Library / by S M Dhawan.- http://www.unesco.org/pv_obj_cache/pv_obj_id_865AC30682C8628957B9661D348A49DAEAAC0100/filename/unit_16.pdf

INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] Informertrics INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] THE SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE The sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) is the study of science as a social activity, especially dealing with "the social conditions and effects of science, and with the social structures and processes of scientific activity. The field emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s and at first was an almost exclusively British practice.  Managing a Library / by S M Dhawan.- http://www.unesco.org/pv_obj_cache/pv_obj_id_865AC30682C8628957B9661D348A49DAEAAC0100/filename/unit_16.pdf

INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] Informertrics INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE The history of science is the study of the historical development of science and scientific knowledge, including both the natural sciences and social sciences. Until the late 20th century, the history of science, especially of the physical and biological sciences, was seen as a narrative of true theories replacing false ones. --> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_science

INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] Informertrics INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] Science Policy Science policy is an area of public policy concerned with the policies that affect the conduct of the science and research enterprise, including the funding of science, often in pursuance of other national policy goals such as technological innovation to promote commercial product development, weapons development, health care and environmental monitoring. Science policy also refers to the act of applying scientific knowledge and consensus to the development of public policies. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_policy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_retrieval

INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] Informertrics INFORMETRICS USED / APPLIED TO: [Conti…] Information Retrieval Information retrieval is the activity of obtaining information resources relevant to an information need from a collection of information resources. Searches can be based on metadata or on full-text indexing. Automated information retrieval systems are used to reduce what has been called "information overload". Many universities and public libraries use IR systems to provide access to books, journals and other documents. Web search engines are the most visible IR applications. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_policy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_retrieval

Interdisciplinary Research Field Informertrics Interdisciplinary Research Field Informetrics is one of the rare truly interdisciplinary research field, and the range of theoretical and methodological approaches is rich, which is the strength of the discipline. International Encyclopedia of information and library science/edited by John Feather and Paul Sturges. – 2nd ed.- New York: Routledge, 2003. pp.319-320.

Informetric Law’s / Regularities Informertrics Informetric Law’s / Regularities Bradford’s Law of Scattering Lotka’s Law Zipf’s Law Pareto’s Law lnformetric Distributions, Part I: Unified Overview / A. Bookstein.- JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE- July 1990

Bradford’s Law of Scattering Informertrics Lotka’s Law Lotka (1926) found that if he associated with each member of a group of chemists his article productivity, then the number of chemists. In Lotka’s, the mode of description of this yield distribution is that of the traditional statistical probability distribution function; indeed, of the informetric regularities, this one is most consistent with traditional statistical description Bradford’s Law of Scattering This is probably the most prominent of the informetric regularities within the information sciences, perhaps because of its promise for application to the control of literature. Bradford (1934) discovered this regularity when studying the extent to which literature in a single discipline is scattered over a range of journals. lnformetric Distributions, Part I: Unified Overview / A. Bookstein.- JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE- July 1990

Informertrics Zip’s Law Many of the informetric regularities depend on ranked data. The most prominent belongs to Zipf (1935), who analyzed the frequency of word occurrence in natural text. He found that if he multiplied a word’s frequency by its rank in number of occurrences in text, then the product was approximately constant. Zipf’s law, like Lotka’s law, can be related to the forms of description traditional in statistics. lnformetric Distributions, Part I: Unified Overview / A. Bookstein.- JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE- July 1990

Offers New Possibilities for LIS Professionals Informertrics Offers New Possibilities for LIS Professionals Informetrics today offers many new possibilities for LIS Professionals. For those who want to explore Databases not only as a store of information but also as an analytical tool, it is a way to learn how to explore online databases not only for accessing documents or finding facts, but only to trace the trends and developments in society, scientific disciplines or production and consumption. International Encyclopedia of information and library science/edited by John Feather and Paul Sturges. – 2nd ed.- New York: Routledge, 2003. pp.319-320.

Becoming a Scientific Discipline Informertrics Becoming a Scientific Discipline The field is becoming a scientific discipline that includes: All the statistical and mathematical analyses related to the study of information flows. Evaluation of science and technology. Library collection development. International Encyclopedia of information and library science/edited by John Feather and Paul Sturges. – 2nd ed.- New York: Routledge, 2003. pp.319-320.

Extensions / Distribution of Informetrics Informertrics Extensions / Distribution of Informetrics Informetrics encompasses the fields of: Bibliometrics: Which studies quantitative aspects of recorded information. Librametrics: Used the term to include statistical approaches to the study of library and its services Scientometrics: Its concerned with the quantitative features and characteristics of science and scientific research. Webometrics: Which studies quantitative aspects of the World wide Web. Cybermetrics: Which is similar to webometrics, but broadens its definition to include electronic resources. In a digitally networked universe, “webometrics” and sister terms like “netometrics” and “cybermetrics” signify the extension of informetric methods and concepts to information transactions taking place on the Internet.  Bibliometrics and citation analysis : from the Science citation index to cybermetrics / Nicola De Bellis.- Maryland: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2009.  http://www.netugc.com/librametric-bibliometric-scientometrics-informetrics

References Informertrics Introduction to Informetrics: quantitative methods in library, documentation and information science / by Leo Egghe and Ronlad Rousseau.- New York: Elsvier, 1990. http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_i.aspx#informetrics http://www.powershow.com/view1/213056-YmMyY/Informetrics_and_IR_powerpoint_ppt_presentation http://www.netugc.com/librametric-bibliometric-scientometrics-informetrics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informetrics EXPANSION OF THE FIELD OF INFORMETRICS: ORIGINS AND CONSEQUENCES / by L. Egghe. – (http://doclib.uhasselt.be/dspace/bitstream/1942/3954/1/Expansion.pdf) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_management. Managing a Library / by S M Dhawan. Source: http://www.unesco.org/pv_obj_cache/pv_obj_id_865AC30682C8628957B9661D348A49DAEAAC0100/filename/unit_16.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_science http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_policy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_retrieval Bibliometrics and citation analysis : from the Science citation index to cybermetrics / Nicola De Bellis.- Maryland: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2009. International Encyclopedia of information and library science/edited by John Feather and Paul Sturges. – 2nd ed.- New York: Routledge, 2003. pp.319-320.  Bibliometrics and citation analysis : from the Science citation index to cybermetrics / Nicola De Bellis.- Maryland: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2009.  http://www.netugc.com/librametric-bibliometric-scientometrics-informetrics