Nick Wood, P.E. Texas A&M Transportation Institute

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Presentation transcript:

Nick Wood, P.E. Texas A&M Transportation Institute Application of the Traffic Thermostat for the I-30 Managed Lanes in Dallas, TX Nick Wood, P.E. Texas A&M Transportation Institute Monday, May 15th, 2017 16th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference Raleigh, North Carolina

Overview Managed lanes is an umbrella term for Variety of goals “highway facilities or a set of lanes where operational strategies are proactively implemented and managed in response to changing conditions” Variety of goals Person throughput Vehicle throughput Ensure reliability Increase transit ridership Increase carpooling Increase revenue generation Set of operational strategies Restrict access to carpools Variable tolling Change transit headways Rideshare incentives Alter physical access points Traffic control (reversible flow) TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Problem Lifecycle performance management is difficult Example Long-term changes in demand, shifts in travel behavior Example Two-person HOV lane with high demand, slowed speeds, and unreliable conditions Can increase occupancy to HOV3+, but most users are HOV2 TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Traffic thermostat tool Guides planners through a series of steps and questions Evaluate strategies given predetermined performance Helps to ensure mobility pledge with travelers If facility degrades, series of pre-selected strategies are enacted until performance thresholds are met Modification for specific facility and behavioral characteristics Goal: Have MPOs approve an operational framework before onset of degraded performance TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Identify Facility Type Operational Fixes, Adjust Incentives Thermostat Steps 1 Identify Facility Type 2 Set Goals 3 Set Thresholds 4 Rank User Groups 5 Operational Fixes, Adjust Incentives RESULTS TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Example: I-30 Managed Lanes Conversion from existing HOV to HOT lane Extends for 18 miles from Arlington to Dallas, Texas First section opened August 1, 2016 Addition of tolls First 6 months: Tolls change according to a time-of-day schedule After: Tolls become dynamic, according to demand Prices range from $0.43 to $1.14 per mile HOV2+ receive 50% toll discount during peaks when mobile app declares occupancy Strong emphasis on TDM programs TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Tool Modifications Demand elasticities Volume-delay function Derived from a stated preference survey General price elasticity was -0.3 Volume-delay function Integrated from regional travel demand model to help estimate speed and throughput Conical congestion delay estimated given hourly link volume and capacity for general purpose lanes (GPLs) and managed lanes (MLs) Incentive Mode Calculated Elasticity MLDA Inc1 GPL −0.050 MLDA 0.243 MLCP Transit MLCP Inc1 −0.039 0.254 MLDA Inc2 0.003 −0.018 MLCP Inc2 0.002 −0.019 MLDA Inc3 −0.024 0.129 MLCP Inc3 0.135 Transit Inc4 −0.073 Transit Inc5 −0.017 0.366 Transit Inc6 (% change only) −1.1 33.1 TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Step 1: Identify Facility Type Identified from a list of pre-determined types HOV (High-Occupancy Vehicle) Lanes Travel permitted for carpools and other select groups HOT (High-Occupancy Toll) Lanes Some groups travel free, others pay a toll Toll Lanes All drivers pay a toll The I-30 Managed Lanes are HOT Lanes HOT Lanes TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Step 2: Set Goals Select from list of pre-defined goals and performance metrics Safe Travel Metrics: Number of Crashes, Incident Clearance Time High-Speed Travel Metrics: Average Speed, Travel Time Reliable Travel Metrics: Buffer Index, Days per month below threshold Provide Choice Metrics: Perception of User Choice, Number of Unique Users Maximize Throughput Metrics: Person Throughput, Person Throughput in HOVs Selected Goals: High-Speed Travel and Maximize Throughput TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Step 3: Set Thresholds Each metric set for a specific numeric value Average Speed > 50 mph Based on pre-approved regional goals for ML facilities Person Throughput > 5,700 people per hour Based on assumptions for vehicular volume and average occupancy TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Step 4: Rank User Groups Distinct user groups ranked according to: Prioritization 1 = highest Toll status free, tolled, not allowed TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Step 5: Operational Fixes And Incentives TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Step 5: Operational Fixes And Incentives TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Results Screen Initial Condition (Travel Speed = 48 mph) Vehicle Group Volume Type Priority Toll ($) HOV3+ 250 Tolled 3 2 HOV2 1000 Tolled 4 2 SOVs 2300 Tolled 5 4 Motorcycles 30 Tolled 3 2 Transit 10 Free 1 0 Vanpools 8 Free 2 0 Other Buses 5 Free 2 0 Resultant (Estimated Travel Speed = 51 mph) Vehicle Group Volume Type Priority Toll ($) HOV3+ 248 Tolled 3 2 HOV2 991 Tolled 4 2 SOVs 2006 Tolled 5 6 Motorcycles 30 Tolled 3 3 Transit 14 Free 1 0 Vanpools 8 Free 2 0 Other Buses 5 Free 2 0 TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

Key Findings Thermostat is a challenge due to Conflicting goals, such as increased throughput and high-speed travel Swapping fixes and incentives requires user to go back-and-forth, which may be difficult to track Big Picture: shows the inherit difficulty Obtaining necessary data Understanding traffic relationships Assessing impact of operational fixes and incentives TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)

More Information Website link: http://trafficthermostat.tti.tamu.edu/ Work will be published in the Transportation Research Record later this year Vol. 2616, DOI: 10.3141/2616-11 Contact Info: Nick Wood, P.E. Texas A&M Transportation Institute Phone: 512-407-1115 E-mail: nickwood@tamu.edu TRB Speed Paper (NCHRP 15-49)