CMS – The Detector Control System Yi Ling Hwong ACEOLE Six Month Meeting This research project is supported by the Marie Curie Initial Training Network Fellowship of the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under contract number (PITN-GA-2008-211801-ACEOLE) 25 June 2018

Overview Introduction to the CMS Detector Control System PVSS and JCOP Framework Why and how? Finite State Machine Tools and Applications Analysis of current FSM tree Background and objectives 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

The Detector Control System (DCS) CMS is a collaboration of more than 35 countries Control system design and implementation is distributed among collaborators A need for a central control system A set of policies managing and governing all activity Main purpose: ensure the correct operation of the CMS experiment Scope: all subsystems and its active elements, the electronics on and off the detector and the overall environment Detector Channels Front End Electronics Readout Network HLT Farm Storage L0 Experiment Control System DAQ DCS Devices (HV, LV, GAS, Cooling, etc.) External Systems (LHC, Technical Services, Safety, etc) TFC Monitoring Farm PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion Illustration inspired by Clara Gasper’s presentation for CHEP 2009 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

The CMS DCS DCS The DCS of individual sub-detectors are connected to the central DCS Supervisor Global Services 7 Sub-Detectors Controls PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Control Technologies from LHC Era DCS Technologies PVSS/JCOP Framework Layer Structure Sensors/devices Field buses & Nodes PLC/UNICOS OPC Communication Protocols SCADA VME DIM FSM Commercial Custom Experimental equipment LAN WAN Storage Other systems (LHC, Safety, ...) Configuration DB, Archives, Log files, etc. Controller/ PLC VME Field Bus Node Supervision Process Management Field Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion Based on an original idea from LHCb 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Requirements Large number of devices / IO Channels Need for DCS Large number of devices / IO Channels For CMS - Around 6 million parameters Distributed over 100 PCs Need for Parallel and distributed control system Hierarchical control Decentralized decision making Dev1 Dev2 Dev3 Devn Devi SubSys2 SubSysn SubSys1 DetDcs1 DetDcsN DCS PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 6 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

What is JCOP? Stands for “Joint COntrols Project” DCS Stands for “Joint COntrols Project” Grouping of representatives from the 4 big LHC experiments Offer common experiment components and support (e.g. CAEN, ELMB etc) Aims to reduce the overall manpower cost required to produce and run the experiment control systems Reduce knowledge of tools Interface for non-experts PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

What is JCOP Framework? A set of guidelines and tools DCS A set of guidelines and tools Produced in collaboration, components shared Produced using common tools Aims for homogeneity The framework is based on: SCADA system – PVSS Device Description (Run-time Database) Device Access (OPC, Profibus, drivers) Alarm Handling (Generation, Filtering, etc) User Interface Builder Etc … SMI++ Abstract behavior modeling (Finite State Machine toolkit) PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

JCOP Framework DCS Covers all levels down to the connection to the hardware Majority of the framework is provided at the supervisory level Connection of other front-ends is possible via one of the communication interfaces OPC, DIM or DIP PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

JCOP Framework Components provided by framework DCS Components provided by framework Generic Analog-Digital devices CAEN Power Supplies Wiener Power Supplies ELMB PS and SPS machine data server Logical Node/View Device Editor/Navigator Trending Tool Etc PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

What is FSM? Abstract representation of the experiment DCS Abstract representation of the experiment Control system is modelled as a hierarchy of FSM A generic, data-driven mechanism for modelling the functionality of a piece of equipment or a subsystem A state/command interface between a parent and its children What state is it in? Is it taking data? Is it in standby? Is it broken? Is it switched off? What triggers it to move from one of these states to another? Two types of objects are defined: Control Unit A software entity that monitors the state of its children Device Unit A software entity that represents some hardware PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

FSM Model A simple control system modelled using FSM DCS A simple control system modelled using FSM Nodes have only one parent No horizontal lines Commands go down, States propagated up PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Control and Device Units DCS State Transition Diagram for a CU State Transition Diagram for a DU PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

SMI ++ Logically related objects can be grouped inside “SMI domains” to represent a sub-system Only one object (top level object) is accessed by other objects Important attributes: State and Action DCS JCOP chose the State Management Interface (SMI ++) product which was developed for the Delphi experiment SMI = Tool to build a FMS + Expert system Real world is viewed as a collection of objects behaving as FSM Represent hardware devices, software tasks or abstract subsystem SMI ++ objects distributed over various platforms Communication through DIM Proxy Hardware Devices Obj SMI Domain PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

State Management Language DCS A special language is provided for the object description – State Management Language (SML) Interpreted by a Logic Engine (coded in C++) to drive the control system An SML file corresponds to an SMI domain PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Device Editor and Navigator (DEN) DCS Main interface to the Framework System management Configuration and operation of device Editor and Navigator mode Hardware, logical and FSM view PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Device Unit Type Configurations DCS PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Logical Object Type Configuration DCS PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Navigator Mode View the hierarchy starting from any control unit DCS PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Navigator Mode Partitioning, actions etc DCS PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Background Background of project DCS Background of project Large number of independent teams High complexity Very different operational mode Common problems in developing the FSMs: Repetitive and redundant logic Inconsistency (endless loops) Inhomogeneity PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Objectives Understanding of DCS tools and application Development of an analysis tool to analyze the FSM trees in the CMS DCS Optimization and thorough analysis of the current FSM system Provide a mechanism to ensure homogeneity in the FSMs Development of a visualization program PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Plans Training courses and conferences DCS Training courses and conferences Oracle SQL course (2nd Feb – 4th Feb) PVSS/JCOP Framework training course (9th Feb – 13th Feb) FSM course (17th Feb – 19th Feb) General and professional French course (26th Jan – 3rd April) Programming in JAVA (27th April – 29th April) CHEP (23rd Mar – 27th Mar) RT2009 (10th May – 15th May) ICALEPCS (12th Oct – 16th Oct) : Abstract submitted Exportation of FSM into Database Analysis and building of the complex FSM trees Possible collaboration with Eindhoven University of Technology Proposal written and meeting planned PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Conclusion DCS The Detector Control System is an integral part of the CMS experiment and is large and complex A homogenous and coherent control system has been developed using the JCOP framework PVSS and SMI++ are being used in the framework, and its tools and applications have been proven to be useful and user-intuitive However, inhomogeneity and incoherence in the FSM development still exist, an analysis tool is foreseen to be developed and implemented PVSS/JCOP Framework Finite State Machine DEN Background and Objective Conclusion 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong

Thank you for your attention! 25 June 2018 Yi Ling Hwong