LC–MS method development and comparison of sampling materials for the analysis of organic gunshot residues  Anne-Laure Gassner, Céline Weyermann  Forensic.

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LC–MS method development and comparison of sampling materials for the analysis of organic gunshot residues  Anne-Laure Gassner, Céline Weyermann  Forensic Science International  Volume 264, Pages 47-55 (July 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.022 Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Screening of the conditions for separation of 10 standards using the QTOF on (a) C18 column with ACN mobile phase, (b) C18 column with MeOH mobile phase, (c) biphenyl column with ACN mobile phase and (d) biphenyl column with MeOH mobile phase. Flow rate was 0.4mL/min and gradient was from 35% for ACN and 50% for MeOH up to 100%. Forensic Science International 2016 264, 47-55DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.022) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Matrix effects (n=5) estimated with the QTOF and the QTrap using C18 and biphenyl columns. The matrix effect value is the ratio of the peak area of a molecule in the sampling media extract to the peak area in a standard solvent. The letters on the horizontal axis are: A=cotton buds, B=Polyester swab, C=Carbon tab, D=3M tape, E=3M poster tape, F=PTFE. Forensic Science International 2016 264, 47-55DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.022) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Gunpowder analysis: TIC data showing the main components detected by the QTOF instrument using the C18 column. (a) Geco gunpowder (2mg/mL) and (b) S&B gunpowder (2mg/mL). Data were acquired between m/z 100 and 400 in TOF mode (no fragmentation). Forensic Science International 2016 264, 47-55DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.022) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Comparison of the collection efficiency of the sampling materials (n=3). Data were acquired using the QTrap instrument and a C18 column. Ammunition: (a) 9mm Luger from Geco and (b) 9mm Luger S&B. Forensic Science International 2016 264, 47-55DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.022) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Comparison of the collection efficiency of tape stubs at t=0 and t=1h. Data were acquired using the QTrap instrument and a C18 column. Ammunition: 9mm Luger from Geco. Forensic Science International 2016 264, 47-55DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.022) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions