Circulatory The System

Circulatory System The Circulatory System transports oxygen and nutrients throughout the entire body and carries away carbon dioxide and waste materials. © iTutor. 2000-2013. All Rights Reserved

Your heart is a muscle that pumps blood throughout your body Your heart is a muscle that pumps blood throughout your body. It is made of muscle. It is located to the left of the middle of your chest and is about the size of your fist and the weight of an apple. © iTutor. 2000-2013. All Rights Reserved

The heart can pump blood because it is made of cardiac muscle The heart can pump blood because it is made of cardiac muscle. Muscle tissue works by contracting (squeezing) as the heart pumps blood and relaxing as the heart reloads blood. One complete sequence of contraction and relaxation is called a heartbeat. Occurs approximately every second

One complete sequence of contraction and relaxation is called a heartbeat. Occurs approximately every second When you exercise your body needs more oxygen-filled blood. Your heart pumps faster to supply the blood your heart needs.

Structures: Heart Blood Blood Vessels Veins Blood Arteries Heart © iTutor. 2000-2013. All Rights Reserved

The Human Heart The heart is divided into four different parts known as chambers. Atrium -The upper chambers (blood enters and exits the heart) Ventricle -The lower chambers (pumps blood to the body and lungs)

Blood – Humans have 5 liters of blood in their body Composed of: Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Plasma

Red Blood Cells most numerous blood cells Red/Disk shaped Made in bone marrow Transport oxygen Give blood it’s color © iTutor. 2000-2013. All Rights Reserved

White Blood Cells Larger than red blood cells Guard against infection and attack bacteria Number of WBC’s increases when body is fighting infections

Platelets Pieces of blood cells that float in blood Clump together to form sticky clots to repair blood vessels

Plasma Liquid part of blood mostly water

Blood Vessels Blood moves through the circulatory system in three types of blood vessels: Arteries: Large vessels that carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart . © iTutor. 2000-2013. All Rights Reserved

Veins: Carry oxygen- poor blood from the body towards the heart

Capillaries: smallest vessels that branch off the main vessels and link the arteries to veins.

Blood Types There are four different blood types: A, B, AB, and O A certain protein on the outside of the red blood cell determines a person’s blood type

You must be at least 17 to donate blood or 16 with parent permission When blood is donated from one individual to another this is known as a transfusion. Blood transfusions are done to replace blood lost during surgery, serious injury, or if a person’s body can't make blood properly because of an illness. Mixing blood of certain types can cause problems to occur in the blood. This could result in clumping and death. You must be at least 17 to donate blood or 16 with parent permission

People with TYPE O blood are called Universal Donors, because they can give blood to any blood type. People with TYPE AB blood are called Universal Recipients, because they can receive any blood type.

Heart Attack When blood can't get to your heart, your heart muscle doesn't get the oxygen it needs And cells can be damaged or die.

This can be caused by cholesterol and a fatty material called plaque can build up on the walls inside blood vessels that take blood to your heart.

Stroke blood flow to an area of the brain is cut off, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and begin to die. abilities controlled by that area of the brain such as memory and muscle control are lost.

Leukemia An abnormal rise in the number of white blood cells. They crowd out red blood cells and platelets. Despite their vast numbers, these leukemia cells are unable to fight infection the way normal white blood cells do.

Videos Bill Nye Blood and Circulation What is Blood? AmericanBlood.org 2:23 How your Heart Works Kids Health How the Heart Works 3D Video.flv 2:56 Types of Blood Vessels eMedTV 1:09 Schoolhouse Rock: Do the Circulation The Heart Mr. Parr 2:40 Circulatory Song Mr. Parr 3:19