EMF ASSESSMENT BY MESEAREMENTS AND CALCULATION (IVORIAN CASE) ITU FORUM ON IMPLEMENTATION OF DECISIONS OF WTSA-08 (Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009) EMF ASSESSMENT BY MESEAREMENTS AND CALCULATION (IVORIAN CASE) Guy-Michel KOUAKOU, Vice-chair of study group 5 (ITU-T) Head of standardization (ATCI) Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

Flowchart for measurement Measuring equipment Post-processing analysis PLAN National context EMF assessment Flowchart for measurement Measuring equipment Post-processing analysis Some statistics Conclusion Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

No legal protection framework in place for EMF related health issues. NATIONAL CONTEXT (1/2) Major public concerns, misinformation about EMF health related issues and particularly EMF effects from base stations. Many people are against the installation and deployment of base stations in their neighbourhoods. No legal protection framework in place for EMF related health issues. Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

NATIONAL CONTEXT (2/2) ATCI (National Regulatory Authority) ensures the need to protect human health by adopting international standards such as: ITU-T recommendations for compliance and estimation of EMF (K.52, K.70) ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) recommendation for exposure limits CEPT recommendation for measurement procedures (ECC(02) 04 revised) Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

EMF ASSESSMENT (1/2) Measurements campaign in the town of Abidjan (the capital) were carried out in the 10 KHz to 6 GHz band First step: 103 locations were identified but later restricted to 43 using a decision level of 0.3 v/m. EMF Estimation for these locations were carried out using the EMF estimator (K.70) and technical characteristics of base stations at the various points. Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

some words about measurement protocol EMF ASSESSMENT (2/2) In situ measurement: about 3 hours per location (1 month for all locations) some words about measurement protocol Based on three cases; Case 1 for quick overview to find the point where the field is higher (1.1, 1.5, 1.7) Cases 2 & 3 for detailed investigation which allow to scan variable frequency band to deal with specific services Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

FLOW CHART Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009 Résultats> limites CIPRNI Exigences de protection de la santé respectée Exigences de protection non respectée Résultats> limites CIPRNI Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

ANTENNESA EME SPY 120 (88Mhz - 3Ghz) MEASURING EQUIPMENT For case 1: RF radiation meters with isotropic field probes and a dosimeter EMR 300 W/G (10 Khz - 3 Ghz) ANTENNESA EME SPY 120 (88Mhz - 3Ghz) Cases 2 & 3: Spectrum Analyser x y z Champ EM émis par plusieurs services (TV, FM, GSM …) Sonde tri axe Boîtier de commutation Analyseur de spectre Anritsu MS2721B Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

Combined standard uncertainty (66% ) Expanded uncertainty (95 %) POST-PROCESSING (1/2) Measurement uncertainty estimation according to IEC guide: For each case equipment uncertainty was taken into account. CAS 2 Input quantity Uncertainty of xi U(Xi)(%) Ci (CiU(Xi))2(%) Value (dB) distribution Antenna Factor 2,00  normal 25,89 1,00 12,95 Cable 0,20   2,33 1,16 isotropy 1,70 rectangular  21,62 12,48 Receiver Combined standard uncertainty (66% ) 21,29 Expanded uncertainty (95 %) 41,74 IEC “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement Ed. 1, 1995 Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

POST-PROCESSING (2/2) GSM measurement extrapolation was considered for maximum possible traffic. Measurements were done only for the permanent control channel. The extrapolation to the maximum traffic is then calculated by the following formula Emax = E Control Channel x sqrt (n Transmitters) The determination of « n » was done in accordance with typical base stations configurations. For each location an extrapolation factor was estimated. Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

RESULT Every measurement was found to have been in compliance with ICNIRP limits. Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

Average field level per service SOME STATISTICS (1/3) Average field level per service The average field level per service was low (under 1V/m) except for GSM service where the average levels were 1.336 V/m for GSM 900 and 2.67 V/m for GSM 1800 Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

Ratio between average value and ICNIRP limits SOME STATISTICS (2/3) Ratio between average value and ICNIRP limits According to ICNIRP limits. GSM 900 represent 3.31% and GSM 1800 represent 4.70% Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

Field level distribution per service SOME STATISTICS (3/3) Field level distribution per service For GSM 900 : 98 % of field levels was less than 10% of limits value (4 V/m) ; For GSM 1800 : 89 % of EM field was less than 10% of limits value (5.68 V/m); Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009

CONCLUSION ATCI will work with GSM operators to reduce the level of exposure (mitigation techniques proposed by recommendation ITU-T K.70).  Use of EMF estimator to assess the compliance of base stations before their installation. Ongoing works: Assessment of base stations compliance by measurements in each sensitive location; Preparation of a gentlement agreement between operators, consumers and local authorities for base stations deployment; Data base for all base stations available on request for public information. Accra, Ghana, 16-17 June 2009