Chemistry of Life (2.1) Part 1 Pre – AP Biology Chemistry of Life (2.1) Part 1

Element Chlorine (Cl)

Compound Sodium (Na) + Chlorine (Cl)  salt (NaCl)

CHNOPS = Life

Chemistry has many different levels of structure and terminology. Which of the following chemical terms includes all the other terms? Molecule Element Atom Polymer

Atoms & Subatomic particles

Isotopes Differing numbers of neutrons

Ions Differing number of electrons

Atoms found on a Periodic Table See the energy levels of electrons?

Electron orbitals Electrons circling the nucleus

Molecule: Same element

Molecule: Different elements

Periodic Table of Elements Atomic Mass is shown on the bottom of each square Atomic Number is shown in the upper left corner

Elemental Oxygen How many protons in Oxygen atoms Elemental Oxygen How many protons in Oxygen atoms? How many neutrons in Oxygen atoms normally?

Radioactive Isotopes

Pre – AP Biology Chemistry of Life Part 2

Potential Energy Energy of Position Which diver has more potential energy?

Kinetic Energy Energy of Movement

Potential “stored” energy of the electrons in the bond between Oxygen (O) and Hydrogen(H)

The “cloud” is created by moving (kinetic) electrons

Periodic Table of Elements Atomic Mass is shown on the bottom of each square Atomic Number is shown in the upper left corner

Period on a periodic table Period run horizontally, like sentences

Families on a periodic table Families run vertically, like columns

Covalent Bonds See the shared electrons between Carbon(C) and Hydrogen (H)?

Polar covalent bonding of water molecule See how each end(pole) has an electrical charge?

Structural Formula

Molecular Formula CH4 Methane gas 1 atom of Carbon & 4 atoms of Hydrogen

Ionic bonding See the electron being lost from Na and gained by Cl?

Ionic Compound Salt (NaCl)

Hydrogen Bonding See the positive Hydrogen (H) attracted to the negative Nitrogen (N)?

Chemical Reactions