What are the implications of a youthful population on Uganda? 26 June 2018 What are the implications of a youthful population on Uganda? Learning Objectives: To evaluate the implications of a youthful population. Learning Outcomes: Essential will identify what a youthful population looks like Stretch will explain some of the implications of a youthful population Challenge will analyse some of the ways Uganda are trying to manage their youthful population.

STARTER What shape would you expect the population pyramid for a youthful population to look like? 1 – Apex? 2 – Sides? 3 – Base? What demographic factors do you expect to find in Uganda or any other country with a youthful population? For example: Would you expect a high or low fertility rate? Your task: On your sheet you have some demographic scenarios. You need to decide whether the factors are characteristic of an ageing or youthful population

Uganda Uganda like many poorer countries has a youthful population. In 2007 50% of the population were under 15 and only 3% were over 65. The population is becoming more youthful. This is because: High birth and fertility rates – every year there are 48 babies born per 1000 people and women have an average of 7 children during their reproductive years (15-44) Low life expectancy of around 52 years means that there are very few old people which means the proportion of population made up of young people is very high. The population of Uganda is currently 30million but by 2025 its thought to grow up to 56 million.

Why so many young people? People tend to have large families in Uganda. List the reasons why many people in Uganda choose to have large numbers of children.

What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of having lots of young people in a country like Uganda? Think of the impacts on jobs and the economy, on the environment, on resources (like trees and food), on society (e.g. schools). Advantages of having a fast growing population with lots of young people Disadvantages of having a fast growing population with lots of young people   Do you think there are more advantages or disadvantages of having a growing and youthful population in a country like The Gambia? Explain your answer below:

Your task: Categorise the card sort information. What categories could you use?

Economic Environmental Social PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS Economic Unemployment could get much worst , when a large youthful population reaches working age there won’t be enough jobs for them all increasing poverty. Environmental Desertification of the forests, people use the wood for fires housing and selling. The land left ends up as desert therefore making the temperature rise Social High dependency ratio There is not enough money to feed and support the growing family. Malnutrition is common Homes often don’t have electricity and are overcrowded Sanitation is very poor Not enough education, there is a shortage of toilet facilities and educational material, often schools adopted a 2 shift system some children educated in the morning and some later in the day. Teachers are poorly paid and can work up to 12 hours a day Many 14 year olds have to work to help support the family Pressure on the health service, 6000 women die each year giving birth. Encourage the use of contraceptives and family planning. The use of contraceptives among married women is less than 25%. New policies are encouraging contraceptive use such as free condoms. However family planning clinics are not widespread so people don’t have easy access to birth control. Since 1991 birth rate has increased suggesting this method isn’t working. Policies to combat the spread of HIV/AIDs. In the late 1980s a programme of education called the ABC approach was used (Abstain from sex until marriage, Be faithful to one partner and use Condoms). This strategy has worked and HIV infection rates fell from 15% of all adults in 1991 to 5% in 2001.

05(d) Comment on the impact of different population structures on the balance between population and resources. [June 10] [15 Marks] Aging population and youthful population. Demands placed by the population on limited resources and how these needs are met and the extent to which they are met.