Volume 18, Issue 6, Pages 719-731 (June 2017) International incidence of childhood cancer, 2001–10: a population-based registry study  Dr Eva Steliarova-Foucher, PhD, Murielle Colombet, MSc, Lynn A G Ries, MS, Florencia Moreno, PhD, Anastasia Dolya, MSc, Freddie Bray, PhD, Peter Hesseling, PhD, Hee Young Shin, PhD, Charles A Stiller, MSc S Bouzbid, M Hamdi-Cherif, A Hablas, E Chirpaz, N Buziba, GC Chesumbai, SS Manraj, D Reynders, HR Wabinga, E Chokunonga, F Moreno, CA Lima, C Asturian Laporte, JC de Oliveira, JA Pontes de Aquino, SM Vargas Gallagher, CJ Uribe, LE Bravo, MC Yepez Chamorro, G Torres Alvarado, YH Galán Alvarez, FC Martinez Reyes, JC Castillo Calvas, M Mendoza Alava, P Cueva Ayala, B Hanchard, A Fajardo-Gutiérrez, DE Zavala Zegarra, E Barrios, C Nikiforuk, R Woods, D Turner, M MacIntyre, A Corriveau, T Navaneelan, C Bertrand, H Stuart-Panko, RJ Wilson, C Kosary, X Shen, J Brockhouse, GA Yee, TC Mitchell, K Snipes, D West, C Rao, S Bolick, RK Rycroft, L Mueller, Y Zheng, K Dosch, H Brown, A Vargas, GM Levin, R Bayakly, C Johnson, T Shen, L Ruppert, CF Lynch, SM Lai, TC Tucker, XC Wu, M Schwenn, K Stern, S Gershman, G Copeland, S Bushhouse, DB Rogers, J Jackson Thompson, D Lemons, S Frederick, JA Harris, B Riddle, A Stroup, C Wiggins, MJ Schymura, LK Giljahn, A Sheikh, S Schubert, W Aldinger, JP Fulton, M Whiteside, L Nogueira, C Sweeney, A Johnson, J Martin, S Farley, D Harrelson, R Malicki, JR Espinoza, BY Hernandez, N Abulfateh, N Wang, RKC Ngan, KB Lingegowda, R Swaminathan, SS Koyande, B Silverman, K Ozasa, S Kanemura, M Soda, I Miyashiro, A Shibata, O Nimri, YJ Won, CH Kim, NS Hong, HS Nam, S Kweon, WC Kim, JS Huh, KW Jung, CI Yoo, A Elbasmy, AV Laudico, MR Lumague, H AlMutlag, R Buasom, S Srisukho, J Tanabodee, S Wiangnon, D Pongnikorn, H Sriplung, O Dirican, S Eser, M Le Hoang, M Hackl, A Zborovskaya, N Dimitrova, Z Valerianova, M Sekerija, P Pavlou, M Dušek, M Mägi, J Clavel, B Lacour, AV Guizard, V Bouvier, X Troussard, AS Woronoff, B Tretarre, M Colonna, F Molinié, S Bara, M Velten, E Marrer, O Ganry, P Grosclaude, P Kaatsch, SR Zeissig, B Holleczek, A Katalinic, Z Jakab, H Birgisson, PM Walsh, L Mangone, F Merletti, M Magoni, L Mangone, S Ferretti, D Serraino, G Spagnoli, M Fusco, M Michiara, R Tumino, F Falcini, F Sensi, F Tisano, S Piffer, F Stracci, G Tagliabue, G Smailyte, D Agius, O Visser, G Ursin, J Didkowska, M Trojanowski, U Wojciechowska, G Forjaz de Lacerda, MA Silva, J Laranja Pontes, A da Costa Miranda, E Kaiserova, M Primic Žakelj, R Peris-Bonet, ML Vicente Raneda, E Almar Marqués, JR Quirós Garcia, M Ramos Monserrat, M Errezola Saizar, A Alemán Herrera, JM Díaz García, R Marcos-Gragera, MJ Sanchez-Perez, E Ardanaz Aicua, J Galceran, A Klint, CE Kuehni, C Bouchardy, F Levi, A Bordoni, I Konzelmann, S Rohrmann, CA Stiller, AT Gavin, DH Brewster, H Phung, S Rushton, S Guthridge, J Aitken, K D'Onise, A Venn, H Farrugian, TJ Threlfall, S Laumond, L Yen Kai Sun, J Hendrix, K Ballantine, M Colombet, A Dolya, E Masuyer, E Steliarova-Foucher Dr Eva Steliarova-Foucher, PhD, Murielle Colombet, MSc, Lynn A G Ries, MS, Florencia Moreno, PhD, Anastasia Dolya, MSc, Freddie Bray, PhD, Peter Hesseling, PhD, Hee Young Shin, PhD, Charles A Stiller, MSc S Bouzbid, M Hamdi-Cherif, A Hablas, E Chirpaz, N Buziba, GC Chesumbai, SS Manraj, D Reynders, HR Wabinga, E Chokunonga, F Moreno, CA Lima, C Asturian Laporte, JC de Oliveira, JA Pontes de Aquino, SM Vargas Gallagher, CJ Uribe, LE Bravo, MC Yepez Chamorro, G Torres Alvarado, YH Galán Alvarez, FC Martinez Reyes, JC Castillo Calvas, M Mendoza Alava, P Cueva Ayala, B Hanchard, A Fajardo-Gutiérrez, DE Zavala Zegarra, E Barrios, C Nikiforuk, R Woods, D Turner, M MacIntyre, A Corriveau, T Navaneelan, C Bertrand, H Stuart-Panko, RJ Wilson, C Kosary, X Shen, J Brockhouse, GA Yee, TC Mitchell, K Snipes, D West, C Rao, S Bolick, RK Rycroft, L Mueller, Y Zheng, K Dosch, H Brown, A Vargas, GM Levin, R Bayakly, C Johnson, T Shen, L Ruppert, CF Lynch, SM Lai, TC Tucker, XC Wu, M Schwenn, K Stern, S Gershman, G Copeland, S Bushhouse, DB Rogers, J Jackson Thompson, D Lemons, S Frederick, JA Harris, B Riddle, A Stroup, C Wiggins, MJ Schymura, LK Giljahn, A Sheikh, S Schubert, W Aldinger, JP Fulton, M Whiteside, L Nogueira, C Sweeney, A Johnson, J Martin, S Farley, D Harrelson, R Malicki, JR Espinoza, BY Hernandez, N Abulfateh, N Wang, RKC Ngan, KB Lingegowda, R Swaminathan, SS Koyande, B Silverman, K Ozasa, S Kanemura, M Soda, I Miyashiro, A Shibata, O Nimri, YJ Won, CH Kim, NS Hong, HS Nam, S Kweon, WC Kim, JS Huh, KW Jung, CI Yoo, A Elbasmy, AV Laudico, MR Lumague, H AlMutlag, R Buasom, S Srisukho, J Tanabodee, S Wiangnon, D Pongnikorn, H Sriplung, O Dirican, S Eser, M Le Hoang, M Hackl, A Zborovskaya, N Dimitrova, Z Valerianova, M Sekerija, P Pavlou, M Dušek, M Mägi, J Clavel, B Lacour, AV Guizard, V Bouvier, X Troussard, AS Woronoff, B Tretarre, M Colonna, F Molinié, S Bara, M Velten, E Marrer, O Ganry, P Grosclaude, P Kaatsch, SR Zeissig, B Holleczek, A Katalinic, Z Jakab, H Birgisson, PM Walsh, L Mangone, F Merletti, M Magoni, L Mangone, S Ferretti, D Serraino, G Spagnoli, M Fusco, M Michiara, R Tumino, F Falcini, F Sensi, F Tisano, S Piffer, F Stracci, G Tagliabue, G Smailyte, D Agius, O Visser, G Ursin, J Didkowska, M Trojanowski, U Wojciechowska, G Forjaz de Lacerda, MA Silva, J Laranja Pontes, A da Costa Miranda, E Kaiserova, M Primic Žakelj, R Peris-Bonet, ML Vicente Raneda, E Almar Marqués, JR Quirós Garcia, M Ramos Monserrat, M Errezola Saizar, A Alemán Herrera, JM Díaz García, R Marcos-Gragera, MJ Sanchez-Perez, E Ardanaz Aicua, J Galceran, A Klint, CE Kuehni, C Bouchardy, F Levi, A Bordoni, I Konzelmann, S Rohrmann, CA Stiller, AT Gavin, DH Brewster, H Phung, S Rushton, S Guthridge, J Aitken, K D'Onise, A Venn, H Farrugian, TJ Threlfall, S Laumond, L Yen Kai Sun, J Hendrix, K Ballantine, M Colombet, A Dolya, E Masuyer, E Steliarova-Foucher  The Lancet Oncology  Volume 18, Issue 6, Pages 719-731 (June 2017) DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9 Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Variation in the overall incidence of childhood cancer by geographical region, 2001–10 Data are for children aged 0–14 years, from the paediatric dataset (A), and 15–19 years, from the general dataset (B). We only included registries with more than 100 cases when assessing the lowest and highest rates. ASR=age-specific rate. WSR=age-standardised rate (world standard population). *Comprising data from India only. The Lancet Oncology 2017 18, 719-731DOI: (10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9) Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Proportional distribution of cancer type by age group, 2001–10, all regions combined Tumours classified by International Classification of Childhood Cancer, volume 3.6 Statistics for children younger than 15 years are based on the paediatric dataset and the statistics for those aged 15–19 years are based on the general dataset. The Lancet Oncology 2017 18, 719-731DOI: (10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9) Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Incidence of cancer in children aged 0–14 years, 2001–10, by region Incidence of all tumours (A) and less common cancers (B). Tumours classified by International Classification of Childhood Cancer, volume 3.6 Data are based on the paediatric dataset. WSR=age-standardised rate (world standard population). *Comprising data from India only. †Defined in (B). The Lancet Oncology 2017 18, 719-731DOI: (10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9) Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Incidence of cancer in young people aged 15–19 years, 2001–10, by region Tumours classified by International Classification of Childhood Cancer, volume 3.6 Data are based on the general dataset. ASR=age-specific rate. *Comprising data from India only. The Lancet Oncology 2017 18, 719-731DOI: (10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9) Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Comparison of incidence of neoplasms in children aged 0–14 years in 1980–89 and 2001–10, by region Data from the two time periods were standardised and peer reviewed using similar methods. Error bars show 95% CI. IICC-2=International Incidence of Childhood Cancer, volume 2.2 IICC-3=paediatric dataset (defined in table 2 and appendix pp 3–4). WSR=age-standardised rate (world standard population). *Comprising data from India only. The Lancet Oncology 2017 18, 719-731DOI: (10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9) Copyright © 2017 World Health Organization Terms and Conditions