Mohamed Ali Daw, MD, PhD, FTCDI,MPS Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus and Genotypes Distribution among Immigrants Crossing Towards Europe from North and Sub-Saharan Africa This is your introductory slide – use it to introduce yourself and your paper Mohamed Ali Daw, MD, PhD, FTCDI,MPS Department of Medical Microbiology &Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli-LIBYA

Summary A 14205 serum samples were collected from African immigrants coming from North and Sub-Saharan Africa resided in Tripoli-Libya (2013-2015) Each serum sample was tested for anti-HCV antibody and then genotypes were determined . The data was correlated with demographic and potential risk factors within the recruited individuals. Replace this box with an image Provide a summary of your main findings, and the major relevant points. If possible, include an image that illustrates your research.

Why this study is important ? A rare study highlighting the status HCV infections among immigrants before the final settlement in EU countries The study could be used as a vehicle for further understanding to the epidemiology of HCV in African countries which rarely studied. This is more likely to influence EU countries health care system regarding viral screening and guide lines of antiretroviral therapy Explain the importance and relevance of your research, putting it in context.

Background North and Sub-Saharan Africa have been considered to harbor the highest prevalence of HCV. Mass migration has been on the upswing in recent years particularly from North and sub-Saharan Africa. HCV infections among African immigrants are rarely studied particularly before resettlement. The study aimed to determine 1-the prevalence of HCV among African immigrants gather in Libya on their way to Europe 2- distribution of HCV genotypes among these immigrants and its correlation different demographic factors. Provide additional information or references, or add an image or figure here Provide relevant background information that helps elucidate your findings.

Methods Population studied Region/Country No. of immigrants/Year Sample size (%) Ratio* 2013 2014 2015 Central Africa   Chad 379 978 1200 2557 1:6 Central Africa total 2557 (18) West Africa Burkina Faso/Ivory Coast 160 177 230 567 1:25 Niger /Mali 750 1038 1687 3475 1:4 Nigeria/Ghana 300 305 346 951 1:13 West Africa total 1210 1520 2263 4993 (35.2) 1:3 Horn of Africa (East Africa) Eritrea 320 250 227 797 1:18 Somalia 660 715 637 2012 1:7 Ethiopia 270 215 1:20 East Africa total 1250 1195 1097 3.524 (24.8) North Africa Nile River Region Egypt 326 153 138 617 1:23 Sudan 459 580 859 1898 Maghreb Region Maghreb countries ** 238 197 181 616 North Africa total 1023 930 1178 3131 (22) Total 3862 (27.2) 4623 (32.5) 5720 (40.3) 14205 Present your main methods: in a nutshell, what did you do?

Prevalence of anti-HCV Results Prevalence of HCV Infections among African Immigrants Demographic Characteristics Prevalence of anti-HCV   Total No (%) OR 95%CI Age group Upper Lower < 20 1269 13(1.03) 0.0104 0.0060 0.0180 21-30 5391 253(4.69) 0.0492 0.0432 0.0562 31-40 4502 329(7.31) 0.0788 0.0700 0.0889 >41 3043 444(14.60) 0.1708 0.1525 0.1910 Gender Male 13159 1369 (10.4) 0.1161 0.1092 0.1234 Female 1046 106 (10.1) 0.1128 0.0906 0.1403 Region of Origin Central Africa 2557 146 (5.7) 0.0605 0.0529 0.0691 West Africa 4993 405 (8.1) 0.0883 0.0792 0.0984 Horn of Africa 3524 296 (8.4) 0.0917 0.0807 0.1042 North Africa 3131 314 (10.0) 0.1108 0.0905 0.1357 frame) Talk through your results – what stood out? What surprised you?

Region/Country/of Origin Distribution of HCV genotypes among African immigrants Region/Country/of Origin   Genotype number (%) Strains typed (%) 1 2 3 4 5 Central Africa Chad 97 32 27 38 Total 97 (10.4) 32 (33) 27 (27.8) 38 (39.2) West Africa Burkina Faso/Ivory Coast 73 41 16 12 Niger /Mali 105 49 29 19 Nigeria/Ghana 119 62 21 9 297 (32.6) 152 (51.2) 66 (22.2) 3 (1) 58 (19.5) 18 (6.1) Horn of Africa (East Africa) Eretria 69 20 14 26 7 Somalia 78 18 Ethiopia 121 33 47 11 268 (29.4) 65 (24.3) 5 (1.9) 67 (25) 111 (41.42) 20 (7.5) North Africa Nile River 198 (21.7) 66 (33.3) 28 (14.1) 6 (3) 108 (54.5) Egypt 63 6 45 Sudan 135 57 25 Maghreb countries 51 (5.6) 21 (41.2) 5 (9.8) 11 (21.6) 14 (27.5) 911 326 (35.8) 131 (14.4) 87 (9.5) 329 (36.1) 38 (4.1) Continue to describe your results on this second slide if you need more time.

Conclusion Present your conclusions Put them in context: how do they add to the bigger picture? Replace this box with an image Share what you concluded from your findings. Take it back to the “so what?” question – what’s so important about your conclusions?

Concepts and future steps A higher prevalence of HCV infections with distinct heterogenic genotypes was evident among immigrants. Further studies on following up the epidemiology of HCV among immigrants during final resettlement are needed. Neoliberal policies of HCV prevention should be introduced and extended beyond the European borders to reach Africa Provide additional information, or add an image or figure here Talk about next steps and future work. Where do your conclusions lead? If you’ve worked on a medical treatment or product, what’s the next step in its development? Are you working on a related but different project? Here’s the place to point readers to your new research.