13 The Digestive System and Nutrition Lesson 13.1: Nutrition Lesson 13.2: Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System Lesson 13.3: Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System

Chapter 13: The Digestive System and Nutrition Lesson 13.1 Nutrition

Nutrition energy macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals

Energy measuring the body’s energy use basal metabolic rate calories kilocalories basal metabolic rate energy required for one day at rest varies by individual

Macronutrients, Vitamins, and Minerals substances needed for energy growth maintenance Tischenko Irina/Shutterstock.com

Nutrients carbohydrates proteins fats (lipids) vitamins minerals

Carbohydrates sugars starches 1 gram supplies 4 Calories one half of daily caloric intake should be from carbohydrates

Proteins made of amino acids essential amino acids must be part of diet nonessential amino acids body can make one gram supplies 4 Calories one quarter of daily caloric intake from proteins Joshua Resnick/Shutterstock.com

Fats lipids saturated fats monounsaturated fats polyunsaturated fats trans-unsaturated fats (trans fats) - task: Go to google images and look up the line drawings for saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats. Draw one of each in your notes. Hint:

Fats one gram supplies 9 Calories minimize trans and saturated fat intake less than 25–35% of total calories from fat

Vitamins chemicals needed for proper metabolism types of vitamins fat-soluble may be stored in the body water-soluble (more likely to cause vitamin deficiency) are not stored in the body vitamin deficiency- lack of vitamins due to poor diet or genetic inability to store

Minerals elements needed for proper body function examples calcium potassium iron phosphorus

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Minerals

Review and Assessment Match these words with 1–4 below: carbohydrate, fat, vitamin, iron. 1. 9 calories per gram 2. water soluble 3. sugar 4. mineral