LAND IN THE NEW URBAN AGENDA: OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD Danilo Antonio: UN-Habitat Bahram Ghazi: OHCHR Katia Araujo: Huairou Commission Oumar Sylla: UN-Habitat Rebecca Ochong: UN-Habitat Susana Rojas Williams: Habitat for Humanity International

CONTENT Introduction Why land matters in NUA Rural/Urban land linkages Gender, human rights and inclusive partnerships Key principles relevant for land/ NUA Moving Forward

1970 2000 2030 URBANIZATION TRENDS RURAL TO URBAN RURAL 63% URBAN 37% 53% URBAN 47% RURAL 40% URBAN 60% 1970 2000 2030 Currently, rigorous transformations on the urban landscape are occurring basically all over the word. This planet is no longer a rural planet. Today more than half of mankind lives in cities or in urban conglomerations. The urbanisation trend is remarkably strong and every third day the population of a city like Gothenburg is added to the urban list. Globally, approximately 150,000 people become new urban citizens every day. RURAL TO URBAN

URBANIZATION TRENDS

URBANIZATION TRENDS Continuing population growth and urbanization projected to add 2.5 billion people to the world’s urban population by 2050, with nearly 90% of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa

Proportion of Slum Dwellers Around the World With rapid urbanization, the supply of serviced land at scale will remain a huge hindrance to sustainable urban development

It facilitates: Why Land Matters? Tenure Security is key. Land Governance is a pre-requisite for sustainable urbanization, poverty eradication and fulfillment of human rights. Tenure Security is key. It facilitates: Social inclusion and equity Gender equality Financial sustainability Planning Peace building Economic progress Environment sustainability Nation building Use of, access to and management of land is therefore important in order to harness the transformative potential of the NUA, in particular in situations where cities need to grow

Where is land in the new urban Agenda?

Where is land in the new urban Agenda? “We commit ourselves to promoting, at the appropriate level of government, including subnational and local government, increased security of tenure for all, recognizing the plurality of tenure types, and to developing fit-for-purpose and age-, gender- and environment-responsive solutions within the continuum of land and property rights, with particular attention to security of land tenure for women as key to their empowerment, including through effective administrative systems” (Para 35) LAND for People Access to Land for All (Secure Tenure Rights of Land) Land based Revenues Sustainable Land Use Responsible Land Governance NUA commits to promote: “…promoting sustainable management and use of natural resources and land…” (para 49) “best practices to capture and share the increase in land and property value generated as a result of urban development processes, infrastructure projects, and public investments” (para.137)

What are the other international frameworks ?

urban/rural Land Linkages Spatially, cities continue to extend to peri-urban and rural areas Reinforces idea of complementary functions and flows of people’s movements, capital, goods, employment, information and technology between rural and urban territories Synergy between rural and urban asserted through economic dynamics, social links and environmental synergies Important to consider the carrying capacity of the entire ecosystem

GENDER and GRASSROOTS and the nua Compared to men, women often face discrimination in formal, informal and customary systems of land tenure

THE Human rights LENS and NUA Disputes over land often cause various human rights violations, conflicts and violence Millions of people around the world are threatened by evictions or forcibly evicted, often leaving them homeless, landless, and living in extreme poverty and destitution “…respect for human rights and solidarity, especially for those who are the poorest and most vulnerable” Any eviction should be in line with national law and relevant international standards, including due process

INCLUSIVE PARTNERSHIPS Inclusive partnerships and pro-poor institutional arrangements are critical, in promoting the participation of women and poor, local government agencies, civil society, private enterprise, financial institutions and other stakeholders.

From Opportunities to ACTION Ensure tenure security for all Integrate human rights principles Integrate the social and ecological functions of land Promote the recognition of the ‘continuum of and rights’ and fit-for-purpose solutions Ensure gender equality Strengthen capacity of all stakeholders Put in place appropriate indicators on land and security of tenure

From Opportunities to ACTION Make urban land markets work for all Put in place land based financing mechanisms that benefit all duties. Put in place an enabling land governance framework and institutions Promote inclusive and effective partnerships Promote participatory and inclusive urban planning Promotion responsive and inclusive land and housing policies

Global Land Tool Network THANK YOU! NEED TO KNOW MORE? UN-Habitat Global Land Tool Network gltn@unhabitat.org