US HISTORY REVIEW: Exploration and Colonization

What are the main reasons for European exploration and colonization? Mercantilism “God, Gold, and Glory” Northwest Passage

What was the Northwest Passage? Explorers hoped to find a route to Asia by sailing west – then they looked for a way through North America

What was the major resource which the French sought in the New World? FUR

What specifically is the significance of the year 1607? First permanent English settlement in North America at Jamestown (VA)

Describe the Columbian Exchange. (also known as the Great Exchange) Goods, ideas, animals, foods, resources, and diseases were exchanged between the Old World and the New World as European nations explored and colonized the New World

What specifically is the significance of the date 1620? Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact (self-government) and establish the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts

Mayflower Compact  Social Contract

Natural harbors provided access to markets. How would geography help Boston, New York City, and Charleston (Charles Town) become important cities? Natural harbors provided access to markets.

He extended voting rights beyond church members Thomas Hooker believed in the separation of church & state. When he left Massachusetts to establish Connecticut, how did he change voting requirements? He extended voting rights beyond church members

Name three groups who established colonies in North America for religious reasons. Pilgrims (Plymouth) Catholics (Maryland) Quakers (Pennsylvania)

Name one colony established for economic reasons. Virginia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, North and South Carolina

Which colony was established to provide a fresh start for debtors (people who owed money and would otherwise go to prison)? Georgia

What was the first written constitution in North America? The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

What was the first group of elected representatives in the colonies? House of Burgesses

What document did the Pilgrims sign which was a social contract establishing self-government in their colony? Mayflower Compact

Describe how and why the American colonies developed representative (democratic) government. 3,000 miles away from Britain (salutary neglect) Colonies governed themselves Mayflower Compact, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, House of Burgesses

Which region of the 13 colonies is described below Which region of the 13 colonies is described below? - poor farm land, rocky soil, cold climate - economy based on industry New England

Describe the geographic features of the Southern Colonies. Warm climate, good soil – good farm land Economy based on agriculture (which leads to dependence on slave labor)

NORTH

SOUTH

What drove the economy in the New England colonies? (at least two) Fishing, ship building

What law was passed in Maryland to protect different Christian beliefs and groups? Toleration Act

Slaves were taken across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa to the colonies to work on plantations. What was the journey from Africa to North America called? The Middle Passage